Suggestion of English Literature NU Exam 2019

Suggestion of English Literature NU Exam 2019
Subject: Literary Criticism
Exam: 2019
Especial Suggestion
Part A with Answer

1. What is meant by “illusion”?
   Ans: It means something which does not exist but creates a momentary impression.
2. How is poetry ‘the criticism of life’?
   Ans: Poetry deals with the ideas of life that a reader finds when he reads a poem.
3. What does the term ‘poetic truth’ mean?
   Ans: It means that the subject matter of poetry should correspond to the truth.
4. Who is Homer?
   Ans: First greatest epic poet of ancient Greece who wrote Iliad and Odyssey.
5. Who is ‘touchstone’?
   Ans: It is a stone that is used to judge the purity of gold.
6. How does Chaucer present human life?
   Ans: From the truly human point of view.
7. How is the structure of Herbert’s sentences?
   Ans: Far from simple. It is a fidelity to thought and feeling.
8. How was Marlowe as an Elizabethan dramatist?
   Ans: He was of prodigious intelligence.
9. What does Eliot want to conclude about the ‘metaphysical poets’?
   Ans: The metaphysical poets are in the direct current of English poetry, and that their faults should be reprimanded by this standard.
10. In what sense is Conrad a precursor of the Western views of the Third World?
    Ans: Because he tends to deliver the non-European world either for analysis and judgment or for satisfying the exotic tastes of the Western readers.
11. What is Said’s expectation about the American nation?
    Ans: He expects that the United States will remain a coherent nation despite having cultural diversity.
12. What kind of writing is “The Study of Poetry”?
    Ans: Critical Writing.
13. Define Charlatanism?
    Ans: It is a show of knowledge where there is no true knowledge.
14. What is Chivalry?
    Ans: Chivalry refers to the qualities of the knights in middle age like courage, honor, loyalty, etc.
15. Who was Cowley?
    Ans: The 17th-century metaphysical poet who was highly appreciated by Dr. Johnson.
16. Who was T.S Eliot?
    Ans: T.S Eliot was one of the greatest poets and critics of the 20th century.
17. How does Eliot brand Grierson’s metaphysical poetry?
    Ans: Eliot brands it as a so-called school of poetry or a movement.
18. What does Orientalism mainly deal with?
    Ans: Deals with the affairs of the Middle East.
19. What is diction?
    Ans: It refers to the vocabulary used by a writer.
20. What is one of the main subjects of Said’s book “Culture and Imperialism”?
    Ans: The historical experience in relation to culture and aesthetic forms.
21. What is high seriousness?
    Ans: It means the serious treatment or grand style of the subject-matter.
22. Whom does Arnold regard as the ideal poet?
    Ans: Homer, Virgil, Dante, Shakespeare, and Milton.
23. What is the dissociation of sensibility?
    Ans: It is a literary term first used by T.S Eliot in his essay “Metaphysical Poets”. It refers to the way in which intellectual thought was separated from the experience of feeling in 17th-century poetry.
24. Who, according to Said, are the children of decolonization?
    Ans: A new generation of scholars and critics.
25. Why does T.S Eliot praise the metaphysical poets?
    Ans: Because the metaphysical poets have the tendency to be engaged in the task of trying to find the verbal equivalent for states of mind and feeling.
26. What is “Orientalism”?
    Ans: It is a famous critical work of Edward Said, shows the attitude of the West towards the East.
27. What is the theme of “The Rise of English”?
    Ans: It deals with the development of English literature from the 18th century onwards under British imperial rule.
28. What is the meaning of the word ‘neoclassical’?
    Ans: It refers to the style of art and literature of 18th century England, based on the classical models of ancient Greece and Rome.
29. What are organic societies?
    Ans: In Eagleton’s view, the organic societies are just convenient myths for belaboring the mechanized life of modern industrial capitalism.
30. How does Arnold define poetry?
    Ans: Poetry is the criticism of life under the conditions fixed for such a criticism by the laws of poetic truth and poetic beauty.
31. How do the colonizers deserve the right of ruling the colonized?
    Ans: Because the colonized people are inferior to the colonizers.
32. What is ‘creative imagination’?
    Ans: It is an image of non-alienated labor, the intuitive and spiritual essence of the poetic mind, according to Eagleton.
33. When did Said’s family leave Cairo?
    Ans: In 1963
34. What is Matthew Arnold’s concept of culture?
    Ans: The concept is that culture is refining and elevating elements, each society’s reservoir of the best.
35. Where is Conrad’s Nostromo set in?
    Ans: In an independent Central American republic, rich in a silver mine.
36. What sort of view does Nastromo offer?
    Ans: A profoundly unforgiving view.
37. When did America come out as an empire?
    Ans: During the 19th and the second half of the 20th century.
38. Who is Matthew Arnold?
    Ans: Most powerful English poet-critic.
39. Why does Arnold say, ‘for poetry the idea is everything’?
    Ans: He means that poetry is based on ideas that are fundamental to humanity.
40. Which age does Arnold belong to?
    Ans: Victorian age.
41. Who says, ‘poetry attaches its emotion to the idea that the idea is the fact’?
    Ans: Matthew Arnold.
42. What is Arnold’s definition of the classic?
    Ans: Classic means the works of literature or art of the first rank or authority of acknowledged excellence.
43. What is the touchstone method?
    Ans: It is a method of comparison between the truly great poets of the past with the new poets in the qualities of their creations.
44. When does a poet achieve ‘high seriousness’ in his poetry?
    Ans: When he treats a serious subject in a simple and intense manner.
45. What is Eliot’s brief comment on Grierson’s anthology?
    Ans: He comments that it is a ‘piece of criticism and a provocation of criticism’.
46. In what sense is a poet better when he is more intelligent?
    Ans: In the sense that when he is more intelligent, he will have more interests.
47. What is the connection between “Culture and Imperialism” and “Orientalism”?
    Ans: A general world-wide pattern of imperial culture and a historical experience of resistance against empire form Culture and Imperialism and this makes it different from Orientalism.
48. Why is Donne more successful than Cowley?
    Ans: For using brief words and sudden contrasts.
49. How does Edward Said associate ‘culture’ with ‘art’?
    Ans: Said associates ‘culture’ with ‘art’ in the sense that it exists in aesthetic forms aiming at giving pleasure and it includes all the practices in the art of description, communication, and representation that are autonomous from economic social, and political fields.
50. When does culture become a source of identity?
    Ans: When there is a difference between ‘us’ (the colonizers) and ‘them’ (the colonized), culture becomes a source of identity.
51. What was ‘Scrutiny’?
    Ans: It was a quarterly periodical of literary criticism, founded in 1932 by L.C. Knights and F.R. Leavis.
52. What kind of writing is “The Study of Poetry”?
    Ans: Critical Writing.
53. What is the role of poetry in human life?
    Ans: It sustains and consoles human beings by interpreting life.
54. How does Eliot characterize Donne’s line ‘A bracelet of bright hair about the bone”?
    Ans: He characterizes it as the telescoping of images and multiplied associations.
55. How is the language of the metaphysical poets?
    Ans: Simple and pure.
56. How does Said admire Dante and Shakespeare?
    Ans: They gave mankind ‘the best that was thought and known’, the realistic picture of life.
57. What kind of writing is “The Rise of English?
    Ans: It is an essay which is the first chapter after introduction in Terry Eagleton’s famous book Literary Theory: An Introduction.
58. What is An Apology for Poetry?
    Ans: It is a long essay of Sir Philip Sidney to defend the superiority of poetry.
59. What according to Eagleton should be the motive of literature?
    Ans: Literature should convey timeless truths, thus distracting the masses from their immediate commitments.
60. What is the difference between idea and illusion?
    Ans: Idea is a thought in the mind and exists, but the illusion is something that does not exist.
61. What element of poetry is common for Donne and Cowley?
    Ans: Both employ metaphysical devices.
62. What is A Defense of Poetry?
    Ans: An essay of P.B. Shelley.
63. Name some of Arnold’s best poems.
    Ans: The Scholar Gipsy, Dover Beach, Thyrsis, Rugby Chapel.
64. What has Arnold said about religion in “The Study of Poetry”?
    Ans: The religious faith has crumbled and become subject to question and change.
65. How is the language of Herbert?
    Ans: Simple and elegant.
66. How is poetry greater than history?
    Ans: Poetry deals with universal and deeper human truths, which are undoubtedly greater than history which deals with what happens in reality or dry facts of life.
67. What was worrying for the Victorian ruling class?
    Ans: Loss of faith or failure of religion.
68. How does Eliot characterize the work of the 17th century?
    Ans: As “more often named than reading, and more often read than profitably studied”.
69. Who, according to Eliot, is more profound and less sectarian than the other metaphysical poets?
    Ans: Crashaw.
70. Who is Montaigne?
    Ans: Famous French writer is known as the first essayist in world literature.

Part – B

1. What are the different estimates enunciated by Arnold?
   Or, discuss in short, the judgment of poetry as classic.
2. What is charlatanism?
3. What is touchstone method?
4. Write the merits and demerits of touchstone method.
5. Write a short note on metaphysical poetry.
6. How does Eliot evaluate Johnson as a critic of metaphysical poets?
7. What are the two-ford implications of culture?
8. Why does Edward Said call his “Culture and Imperialism” as an exile’s book?
9. What is Eagleton’s attitude to imperialism?
10. Why does Edward Said admire Joseph Conrad?
11. How does Eagleton evaluate New criticism?
12. Discuss Joseph Conrad as imperialist and anti-imperialist.
13. What are the features of Victorian criticism?
14. Discuss shortly Matthew Arnold as a critic.
15. What is dissociation of sensibility?

Part – C

1. “Poetry is the criticism of life governed by the laws of poetic truth and poetic beauty”- discuss.
2. Discuss the characteristic features of good poetry from Arnold’s point of view.
3. How does Arnold assess the 17th and 18th-century poets?
4. Differentiate between intellectual poets and reflective poets.
5. What is the unification of sensibility? Discuss Donne’s ability of unification of sensibility.
   Or, why does T.S. Eliot praise Donne’s ability to unify the intellectual thoughts and sensation of feelings?
6. Discuss culture as an instrument of imperialism.
7. What made Said write his book “Culture and Imperialism”?
8. Discuss Eagleton’s prose style.
9. Discuss how the ‘Rise of English’ relates to the growth and consolidation of imperialism.
10. Discuss the influence of English novel in perpetuating imperialism.

Suggestion of English Literature NU Exam 2019
Subject: Approaches and Methods of Language Teaching / ELT
Exam: 2019
Especial Suggestion
Part A with Answer

1. What is IPA?
   Ans: IPA is a system of transcribing the sounds of languages.
2. What is ‘realia’?
   Ans: Realia refers to real or actual objects used as teaching aids to make learning more natural.
3. What is coherence?
   Ans: The internal connection between ideas in a writing.
4. What is ‘Lingua Franca’?
   Ans: Lingua Franca is a language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different.
5. What is TESEP?
   Ans: The teaching approaches followed in the rest of the world are called TESEP.
6. Define Appropriate Methodology?
   Ans: Appropriate Methodology refers to a process of making English language education more appropriate to the social requirements of students and educators in different environments throughout the world.
7. What is the goal of TPR?
   Ans: To provide an enjoyable learning experience.
8. What are the authentic materials?
   Ans: Authentic materials are teaching materials that were originally designed for native speakers for the purpose of real-life communication.
9. What does ‘Army Method’ refers to?
   Ans: The ‘Army Method’ refers to a method for the American armies. This is also known as the Audiolingual Method.
10. Which method is known as the ‘classical method’?
    Ans: The Grammar Translation Method.
11. What is nativism?
    Ans: The nativist theory of language acquisition states that language is innate and ‘native’ to humans from birth.
12. What is the method?
    Ans: A method is the reflection of a chosen approach to teaching and learning.
13. How many phases are there in TBLT?
    Ans: Three phases.
14. What are SLA and ESL?
    Ans: SLA stands for Second Language Acquisition and ESL stands for English as a Second Language.
15. What is ‘ELT Methodology’?
    Ans: The teaching methodology of the English language.
16. Define GTM and Direct Method?
    Ans: GTM is a teaching method where teachers teach grammatical rules to students, and students memorize rules to translate sentences and passages from their mother tongue into the target language and vice versa.
    The Direct Method is a system of teaching a foreign language using only that language and without emphasis on the study of grammar.
17. What do you mean by Skimming and Scanning?
    Ans: Skimming enables readers to look efficiently for something that interests them. Scanning is to glance quickly through a text in order to find a specific piece of information.
18. What has applied linguistics?
    Ans: Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field of linguistics that identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real life-life problems.
19. What is pedagogy?
    Ans: The method and practice of teaching.
20. What is an approach in language teaching?
    Ans: An approach is a way of looking at teaching and learning.
21. What is meant by LAD?
    Ans: LAD stands for Language Acquisition Device.
22. How is the learning environment in desuggestopedia?
    Ans: The learning environment is favorable.
23. What is ‘linguistics imperialism’?
    Ans: The transfer of a dominant language to other people.
24. Define language from the structural point of view?
    Ans: Language refers to the use of linguistic or grammatical aspects of a language.
25. What is TESOL?
    Ans: TESOL is the acronym of Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages.
26. What is the oldest language teaching method?
    Ans: Grammar Translation Method.
27. Who coined the term ‘Communicative Competence’?
    Ans: Dell Hymes.
28. Who are the proponents of the Direct Method?
    Ans: Gouin, Berlitz and de Sauze.
29. What is Scaffolding?
    Ans: The assistance from an expert to help learners reach the next level.
30. What is the ‘Affective Filter Hypothesis’?
    Ans: Affective filter is a kind of mental block that may decrease the acquisition rate of learners.
31. What is ZPD?
    Ans: ZPD is the gap between what a learner can learn by themselves and what he/she can learn with help of teachers.
32. What are the tasks in TBLT?
    Ans: Information-gap, reasoning -gap, and opinion-gap.
33. Who is originator of desuggestopedia?
    Ans: Georgi Lozanov.
34. What is ESP?
    Ans: ESP is for English for Specific Purpose.
35. What is interlanguage?
    Ans: Interlanguage is a kind of linguistic system which can be divided into local parts.
36. What is PPP in language teaching?
    Ans: Presentation-practice-production.
37. What is the Natural Approach?
    Ans: A process of language teaching.
38. What is TBLT?
    Ans: TBLT refers to Task-Based Language Teaching.
39. What do you mean by ‘Post Method Pedagogy’?
    Ans: A three-dimensional system consisting of the parameters of particular, practicality, and possibility.
40. What is ‘intensive reading’?
    Ans: Reading with close attention to specific features of a text.
41. What is Linguistics?
    Ans: The scientific study of language.
42. What is the procedure?
    Ans: The process of following some techniques to teach a particular skill in the classroom.
43. Mention the theory of language behind Audiolingualism?
    Ans: Structural linguistics.
44. Which method replaced the Grammar Translation Method in Bangladesh?
    Ans: The Direct Method.
45. Which method uses extensive drilling?
    Ans: Audio lingual method.
46. What is linguistic competence?
    Ans: The system of linguistic knowledge possessed by native speakers of a language.
47. What is the elaboration of CLT?
    Ans: Communication Language Teaching.
48. What is learner autonomy?
    Ans: Learner autonomy refers to an approach to learning.
49. What is the direct method?
    Ans: A language teaching approach.
50. Explain language shift?
    Ans: A speech community may have two languages, and when it stops using one of these and shifts to the other, it is called language shift.
51. When was CLT introduced in Bangladesh?
    Ans: In the 1990s.
52. Define ‘peripheral learning’?
    Ans: Peripheral learning refers to stimulating learning through a rich environment such as classroom decoration featuring the target language.
53. What is Pantomime?
    Ans: Pantomime is a way of expressing information or telling a story without words by using body movements and facial expressions.
54. What is schema?
    Ans: Schema refers to the background knowledge that learners use to comprehend a text.
55. What is the main criticism of the GTM?
    Ans: It does not promote communicative language skills.
56. What is the full form of BANA and TESEP?
    Ans: BANA- Britain, Australasia, and North America.
    TESEP- Transforming and Enhancing the Student Experience through Pedagogy.
57. What is orthography?
    Ans: The traditional spelling system of a language.
58. In which method pronunciation gets little attention?
    Ans: In GTM.
59. In which method students are the only receiver of lectures?
    Ans: In teacher cantered method.

Part: B

1. Distinguish between intensive and extensive reading.
2. Define language from the functional point of view.
3. Differentiate between intensive and extensive reading.
4. What is communicative competence?
5. Write the purpose of teaching vocabulary.
6. Differentiate between ALM and DM.
7. Mention the salient techniques used in ALM.
8. Define tissue rejection.
9. Write goals of GTM.
10. What are the techniques and strategies for improving vocabulary?
11. Discuss the role of the teacher in the communicative approach.
12. Where is GTM successful?
13. What is communicative competence?
14. Differentiate between approach and method.
15. What Is The Difference Between Language Acquisition And Language Learning

Part – C

1. What are the features and objectives of Desuggestopedia?
2. Discuss the theories of first language acquisition.
3. Discuss the differences between Dm and GTM.
4. What is TBLT? Discuss the types of tasks.
5. Discuss the major strategies and techniques for improving vocabulary.
6. Explain the social and psychological factors which play in the Acculturation Model of Second Language Development.
7. Discuss Krashen’s monitor model.
8. Discuss the principles of the Reformation Movement in the history of English Language Teaching.
9. What is linguistic Imperialism? Discuss the role of English Language Teaching in Linguistic Imperialism.
10. What are the goals and principles of ALM? Discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
11. Identify the challenges in implementing CLT in Bangladesh.
    N.B. Read the chapters ALM, CLT, SLT, TBLT, and Desuggestopedia carefully. Then we can cut a good figure in the exam.

National University
Subject: Continental Literature
Exam: 2019
Especial Suggestion
Part A with Answer

1. What is a heller?
   Ans: The heller is a small coin, in value about one-hundredth of a guilder.
2. What is Cook’s function in the play?
   Ans: He is attached to the Swedish regiment as the cook.
3. What are the major themes of “A Doll’s House”?
   Ans: The individual and society, the duty to oneself, the place of women in society, appearance and reality, and so on.
4. How did Gregor die?
   Ans: Gregor’s head fell to the floor and he died.
5. What is the genre of the novel “The stranger”?
   Ans: Existential Novel.
6. Why is Meursault called an anti-hero?
   Ans: Because despite being an atheist he cannot lie.
7. What is Meursault’s ultimate realization?
   Ans: Emptied of all hope, Meursault is now free from worry and capable of realizing the “gentle indifference” of world.
8. What type of play is Mother Courage and Her Children?
   Ans: Modern play with a historical background.
9. What does Mother Courage decide to do at the end of the play?
   Ans: Mother Courage decides to carry on in spite of all she has lost because life has not died out, it still tries to survive.
10. How was Gregor treated by his mother?
    Ans: Gregor’s mother pleaded for her son’s life believing his sickness temporary phase.
11. Who is Dr. Rank?
    Ans: A trusted family friend of the Helmers.
12. What work did Nora do to earn money?
    Ans: To earn money, Nora did some hard work like needle-work, crochet work, embroidery, and such kind of thing.
13. Who is Marmeladov?
    Ans: A solitary drinker who fascinates Raskolnikov.
14. What is the name of Raskolnikov’s sister?
    Ans: Dounia.
15. What is Gregor’s “innermost self”?
    Ans: The insect
16. How does the maid treat Gregor?
    Ans: Like carrion’s pet.
17. How can one’s nature be deformed?
    Ans: The nature of an individual can be deformed by the continued degradation.
18. Who takes Raymond to the doctor?
    Ans: Masson
19. Why must Marie stop visiting Meursault in prison?
    Ans: Matie is debarred from visiting Meursault as she is not his wife.
20. How do you judge Profiry as a detective?
    Ans: Profiry is not an ordinary detective, but he is also a psychologist with a strong faith in moral values.
21. What is the secret of Nota in A Doll’s House?
    Ans: She borrowed twelve hundred dollars from Krogstad to pay for the trip to Italy during which Helmer recovered from illness.
22. What is Tarantella?
    Ans: The Tarantella, a rapid whirling South Indian dance, is a visual symbol in A Doll’s House.
23. What does Sonia represent?
    Ans: Sonia represents the mild, charitable and compassionate aspects.
24. Who is Polenka?
    Ans: one of Katerina’s children from a previous marriage in Crime and Punishment.
25. What is Existentialism?
    Ans: A philosophical theory or method that emphasizes the existence of the individual as a free and responsible agent who determines their own development through the performance of the will.
26. What is Svidrigailov’s chief vice?
    Ans: He is a Sensualist.
27. What is the genre of the novel The Stranger?
    Ans: An Existential Novel.
28. Where does Raskolnikov live?
    Ans: Raskolnikov unable to pay the rent or buy food, lives in a shabby little garret.
29. Who is Anne Marie?
    Ans: The old nurse of the Helmer’s family.
30. Who Franz Kafka?
    Franz Kafka was the most important prose writer of the Prague Circle.
31. How was Gregor wounded?
    Ans: Gregor’s father wounded him throwing apples at him.
32. What does Gregor refuse to let anybody take away?
    Ans: The picture of the woman in furs.
33. Name the sons and daughters of Mother Courage.
    Ans: The name of her daughter is Kattrin and the name of her two sons are Eilif, Switch Cheese.
34. Who are the shipwrecked people in A Doll’s House?
    Ans: Krogstad and Linde.
35. How many rounds of shot does Meursault fire at the Arab?
    Ans: Five rounds of shot.
36. What does the monstrous inset symbolize in The Metamorphosis?
    Ans: The Monstrous insect symbolizes Gregor’s inner-self.
37. How does Sofya Marmeladov earn her living?
    Ans: She earns her living by prostitution.
38. Who is the protagonist of the play A Doll’s House?
    Ans: Nora Helmer.
39. What theme does Camus’s The Stranger ultimately reflect?
    Ans: The Stranger refers Camus’s philosophical stance as an absurdist.
40. What is the verdict of the court against Meursault?
    Ans: Meursault is sentenced to death by guillotine.
41. Who is Marie Cardona?
    Ans: A farmer co-worker of Meursault.
42. What is the central to the story The Metamorphosis?
    Ans: The Questions pertaining to Gregor’s identity are the central to the story.
43. What is meant by “Plague circle”?
    Ans: “Prague Circle” is a loosely knit group of German Jewish writers.
44. What does Eilif sing?
    Ans: Eilif sings “The Songs of the Girl and the Soldier”.
45. What is the real name of Mother Courage?
    Ans: Anna Fierling and Mother Courage is her nick name.
46. Who is Swiss Cheese?
    Ans: He is A sensualist.
47. Who is Polenka?
    Ans: One of Katerina’s Children from a previous marriage.
48. What does ‘Metamorphosis’ mean?
    Ans: The Metamorphosis is a novella written by Franz Kafka which was first publish 1915.
49. Where is the old home in The Outsider?
    Ans: The old home is at Marngo, some fifty miles from Algiers.
50. Why does Raskolnikov object to his sister’s impending marriage?
    Ans: Raskolnikov pawned his father’s watch.
51. What is Gorger’s surname in the Metamorphosis?
    Ans: Samsa.
52. What makes Gregor want to go back to sleep?
    Ans: The rain makes him want to go back to sleep.
53. What is pictured in the photo that hangs on Gregor’s wall?
    Ans: A lady wearing fur is pictured in the photo that hangs on Gregor’s wall.
54. Who Porfiry Petrovich?
    Ans: Porfiry Petrovich is official of the investigating department who is in charge of the “Crime”.
55. Who is Dmitri Prokofich Razumikhin?
    Ans: Razumikhin is one of Raskolnikov’s friends who will become enamored of his sister Dunya.
56. Who is Sonia?
    Ans: Sonia is a quiet, modest, suffering prostitute.
57. Who is Mr. Linde?
    Ans: Old friend of Nora.
58. Who is Nils Krongstad?
    Ans: Nils Krogstad, school-mate of Torvald Helmer, is a lawyer.
59. Why did Eilif executed?
    Ans: Eilif attacked a peasant family during the battle and killed the housewife for which he was found guilty in peace-time and was executed for this crime.

Part – B
N. B. If you read the broad questions carefully, you can write all the short questions’ answer, Insha Allah.

1. Write a short on “A Doll’s House” as social criticism.
2. How maternity and war are illustrated in “Mother Courage and Her Children”?
3. Discuss Meursault’s view of society.
4. How is Crime and punishment as psychological novel?
5. How does Torvald react when he finds out about Nora’s debts?
6. What is the significance of the title “The Outsider”?
7. Describe the situation that leads Kattrin to death.
8. Comment on the title of the drama “A Doll’s House”.
9. Discuss Gregor’s relationship with his family.
10. Write a short note on Raskolnikov.
11. Why does Raskolnikov decide to confess his crime?

Part – C

1. Bring out the tragic and comic elements in The Metamorphosis.
   Or, discuss the significance of tragic and comic elements of The Metamorphosis.
2. Discuss the dehumanization in The Metamorphosis.
   Or, Gregor’s metamorphosis is a metaphor of his dehumanization – discuss.
3. Is Kafka in his The Metamorphosis cynical? Give reasons for your answer.
4. Discuss the Theme of Alienation in Franz Kafka’s “Metamorphosis”.
   Or, how does Kafka project Gregor Samsa’s alienation in “The Metamorphosis”?
5. Discuss A Doll’s House as a modern tragedy.
6. Discuss the character of Nora Hemler in the play “A Doll’s House”
   Or, would you consider Nora as a tragic character – Evaluate.
7. Discuss “A Doll’s House” as a feminist play.
   Or, “A Doll’s House” is a play about a women’s self-discovery and liberation. Discuss.
8. Consider Crime and Punishment as a story of sin, suffering, and redemption.
9. Discuss imagery and symbols of the novel Crime and Punishment.
10. Discuss the coincidences of the novel “Crime and Punishment”.
11. Discuss the use of irony in the novel “Crime and Punishment” by Fyodor Dostoevsky.
12. Consider Bertolt Brecht as an innovative writer playwright with special reference to “Mother Courage and Her Children”.
    Or, in the light of his theory of the epic theatre, examine Brecht’s achievement in “Mother Courage and Her Children”.
    Or, Discuss “Mother Courage and Her Children” in relation to Brecht’s dramaturgic principles.
    Or, To what extent do the dramaturgic techniques of Brecht’s epic theatre shape our understanding of the issues dealt with in “Mother Courage and Her Children”?
13. How do the songs in Mother Courage and Her Children relate to the play and Brecht’s conception of the epic theatre?