NU Third Year Exam 2020 Restoration and 18th Century Poetry and Drama

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Subject: Restoration and 18th Century Poetry and Drama

Exam – 2020

suggestion

Part – B

  1. Write a short note on Clarissa.
  2. Write a short note on comedy of manners.
  3. Write a short on Congreve’s wit and humor.
  4. Describe Belinda’s toilette.
  5. How is “Absalom and Achitophel” is typical and universal?
  6. Why does Tony misdirect Marlow and Hastings?
  7. What is sentimental comedy?
  8. Write a short not on Mirabel.
  9. Describe the game of ombre at Hampton court.
  10. Give an account of casket episode of “She Stoops to Conquer”.
  11. How does Belinda set off for Hampton Court?
  12. Why did Miss Neville and Hastings plan to elope?
  13. How does Dryden satirize the contemporary society of England?
  14. Write a short note on Popish plot.
  15. Write a short note on Shimei.

Part- C

  1. Sketch the character of Belinda.
  2. Discuss “The Rape of the Lock” as mock-epic or heroic poem.
  3. Discuss the significance of Proviso scene in “The Way of the World”.
  4. Sketch the character of Lady Wishfort.
  5. Discuss “The way of the World” as a comedy of manners.
    Or, how does Congreve satirize the contemporary aristocratic society of England?
  6. Comment on Umbriel’s journey to the cave of Spleen.
  7. Evaluate Dryden as a satirist.
  8. Discuss “She Stoops to Conquer” as a comedy of intrigues.
  9. Comment on the theme of dual identities in “She Stoops to Conquer”.
  10. What picture of the contemporary England do you find in the poem “The Rape of the Lock”?

Part – A

  1. Who is Umbriel?
    Ans- A mischievous Gnome.
  2. Who is Foible?
    Ans- The maidservant of Lady Wishfort.
  3. What is Belinda’s lock of hair turned into?
    Ans- A group of stars.
  4. What type of play is ‘The Way of the World’?
    Ans- A comedy of manner.
  5. What does the black box contain in the play ‘The Way of the World’?
    Ans- The writings of Waitwell’s whole estate.
  6. Who is Witwould?
    Ans- Lady Wishfort’s forty-year-old nephew.
  7. Why has Mr. Fainall married Mrs. Fainall?
    Ans- Only to get money.
  8. What is an elegy?
    Ans- A lyric poem mourning the death of an individual or over a tragic event.
  9. Who was Baron?
    Ans- Lord Petre.
  10. Name the pet of Belinda.
    Ans- Shock.
  11. What is prologue?
    Ans- A speech at the beginning of a play, book or film.
  12. What was the result of the game played by Belinda?
    Ans- She won the game defeating the Baron and other male friend.
  13. Why does Tony take revenge on his mother?
    Ans- Because she has spoiled him by pampering and has kept away his inheritance.
  14. What was the sole duty of Ariel?
    Ans- To protect the beautiful women.
  15. What is the final advice Mr. Hardcastle to Marlow?
    Ans- He should not mistake his wife as he has mistaken his mistress for a barmaid.
  16. Who is Mr. Hardcastle?
    Ans- An old-fashioned country squire.
  17. What is comedy of manner?
    Ans- A type of comedy which represents the behavior and deportment of men and women living under specific social codes.
  18. What is Popish Plot?
    Ans- A fictitious conspiracy against English Catholics in 1678.
  19. How is ‘Absalom and Achitophel’ ended?
    Ans- With God’s approval of the King’s stern action against his enemies.
  20. How old is Lady Wishfort?
    Ans- fifty-five.
  21. What are the principal themes of the comedy of manners?
    Ans- Love, marriage, adulterous relationships, amours and legacy conflicts.
  22. Who is Mincing?
    Ans- The maid of Millamant.
  23. What does ‘Proviso-scene’ mean?
    Ans- Conditioning scene.
  24. Who had supplied the Baron a pair of Scissors?
    Ans- Clarrisa.
  25. Who was Cromwell?
    Ans- A great ruler of England.
  26. Who is Milton (1608-1674)?
    Ans- The great English poet and scholar.
  27. What is the purpose of Dryden’s Absalom and Achitophel?
    Ans- To rouse popular feeling against Shaftesbury and to secure his indictment.
  28. How is Zimri an unqualified ruler?
    Ans- A man of unstable character, had a great interest in poetry, women, painting and drinking.
  29. Explain the significance of the reference to ‘moon’ in the poem ‘Absalom and Achitophel’?
    Ans- The passing of one month.
  30. What is ‘Absalom and Achitophel’?
    Ans- One of the finest English political satire.
  31. What is a curse to the English nation?
    Ans- The Popish Plot.
  32. How does Pope open his mock-heroic poem?
    Ans- In the typical epic fashion with an invocation to the Muse.
  33. Who wrote waiting on the goddess of Spleen?
    Ans- Ill-nature and Affectation.
  34. What is sizar?
    Ans- A student who was admitted at reduced fees in a college, had to do certain menial work in return.
  35. Why does Mrs. Hardcastle want to visit the city of London?
    Ans- In order to acquire the manners of the fashionable society of London.
  36. How was the house of Mr. Hardcastle?
    Ans- An old-fashioned decayed house which looked like an inn.
  37. What is the Three Pigeons?
    Ans- The Three Pigeons is an old alehouse where Tony visits.
  38. Who is Millamant?
    Ans- Niece and ward of Lady Wishfort.
  39. How was Belinda’s beauty enhanced?
    Ans- By two beautiful curling side-locks of hair which charmingly set off her white neck.
  40. What is Ombre?
    Ans- A game played among three.
  41. What is Hampton Court?
    Ans- A Royal place where Britain’s statesmen discussed politics and Queen Anne had residence.
  42. Who is Miss Neville?
    Ans- The niece of Mrs. Hardcastle.
  43. Who was King Solomon?
    Ans- A Jewish king famous for his wealth and wisdom.
  44. Who are the Adam-wits?
    Ans- The English.
  45. Who reveals Mirabell’s false love to Lady Wishfort?
    Ans- Mrs. Marwood.
  46. What is the sub-title of the play ‘She Stoops to conquer’?
    Ans- ‘The Mistakes of a Night’.
  47. Who was young Marlow?
    Ans- The son of Sir Charles Marlow.
  48. What is an epitaph?
    Ans- An inscription on a tomb.
  49. Who falls prey to his ambition to overthrow the king?
    Ans- Absalom.
  50. Whom does Achitophel stand for?
    Ans- Anthony Ashley Cooper, the first Earl of Shaftesbury.
  51. Who plays the role of Sir Rowland?
    Ans- Waitwell.
  52. Who is Tony Lumpkin?
    Ans-The son of Dorothy (Mrs. Hardcastle) by her first husband, Mr. Lumpkin.
  53. Who is Belinda?
    Ans- The heroine of ‘The Rape of the Lock’.
  54. Which age did Goldsmith belong to?
    Ans- Augustan age.
  55. Who suggested Pope to write this epic?
    Ans- Mr. Caryll.
  56. What is the setting of the play ‘She Stoops to conquer’?
    Ans- A chamber of a country Squire at some distance from London.
  57. What is the sub-plot of the play ‘She Stoops to conquer’?
    Ans- Hastings-Constance love story.
  58. How are the eyes Belinda?
    Ans- So bright that they rival the brightness of the sun.
  59. What is the subject matter of the poem ‘The Rape of the Lock’?
    Ans- A trivial love affair of a young man and a lady.
  60. Who are the two fobs in the play ‘The Way of the World’?
    Ans- Witwould and Petulant.
  61. Where did the goddess of Spleen live?
    Ans- In the center of the earth in a dark cave.
  62. What qualities does Marlow possess?
    Ans- Educated, understanding, liberal, young, handsome and reserved.
  63. What is the fortune of Miss Neville?
    Ans- A casket of jewels.
  64. Who are Salamanders?
    Ans- The souls of fiery, quarrelsome women pass into the fire and are called Salamanders.
  65. What is Buck’s Head?
    Ans- An invented name for an inn.
  66. What is an ode?
    Ans- An exalted lyric poem that begins with an address to someone expressing grief or agony but ends with consolation, deals with a serious theme.
  67. What is the marital status of Lady Wishfort?
    Ans- Widow.
  68. What is Sion?
    Ans- Sion is Zion, ‘the city of Devil’.
  69. Who is Belinda’s personal beautician?
    Ans- Betty.
  70. Who is Absalom?
    Ans- The third son of David, King of Israel.
  71. Who recites the prologue to the play ‘She Stoops to conquer’?
    Ans- Woodward.
  72. Why is Constance reluctant to elope with Hasting?
    Ans- Because her jewelry was in the possession of her aunt.
  73. Who are called Nymphs?
    Ans- The gentle natured women pass into water and are called Nymphs.
  74. Why did the Popish Plot fail?
    Ans- Because the persons engaged in it lacked commonsense.

Part – B

  1. Describe Belinda’s toilette.

Introduction: Alexander Pope (1688 – 1744) is a poet and critic of the English Neoclassical period (1660 – 1785). He is best known for his poems ”An Essay on Criticism” (1711), ”The Rape of the Lock” (1712). The heroine of the poem, Belinda is a juicy girl with her lock of hair. She beautifies herself with a lot of cosmetics as well.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: Alexander Pope (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Žā§Ž – ā§§ā§­ā§Ēā§Ē) āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ“āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Ŧā§Ļ – ā§§ā§­ā§Žā§Ģ) āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° ”An Essay on Criticism” (ā§§ā§­ā§§ā§§), ”The Rape of the Lock” (ā§§ā§­ā§§ā§¨) āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ•āĻž, Belinda āĻšā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ¸ āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšā§āĻ° āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŽā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•āĻ¸ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ“ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

Statement of Belinda’s toilette

At the end of canto 1, we get the description of Belinda’s toilette. Her dressing table is uncovered and sundry silver boxes are arranged on the table in mysterious way. She starts her toilette with a prayer to the god of cosmetics.

She sees a heavenly image in her glass that is herself. She sees the last part of the image by bending her eyes. Then she sees her upper part of the body. Her maid, Betty, opens sundry boxes of gifts to her from different part of the world. She skilfully takes out ornaments and perfume for Belinda’s beautifying. She takes out the box of pearls and diamonds from India. From another box, she takes out perfumes from Arabia. From third box, she takes out combs made of tortoise-shell and white combs made of ivory arranged in glittering rows.

On the table, there are also pins, hairpins, puffs, powders, patches, Bible and love letters as well. Betty beautifies her mistress with all the products.

Belinda is getting more and more beautiful in every stage. Her maid painted her cheeks and eyelashes with glowing hue. The watchful Sylphs are also busy to adjust her hair and dress. Thus, Belinda performed her decoration with the help of her Sylphs and Betty.

āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋ

āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‹ ā§§-āĻāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž Belinda-āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĄā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨āĻžāĻŦā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĒāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ˛āĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¸āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ°āĻšāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻœāĻ¨āĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ (āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻ†āĻ° āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‰ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡)āĨ¤  āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻ¨ā§€ āĻĻā§‡āĻŦāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻœ  āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛āĨ¤

āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ—ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻšā§‹āĻ– āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ•āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡(āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡) āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°-āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻžāĻ¸ā§€ Betty āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ‰āĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¸ āĻ–ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤  āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ Belinda-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ˛āĻ™ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ°  āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ā§‹ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¸āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¸ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ°  āĻ¸ā§āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¸ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡, āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻšāĻ•āĻšāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ•āĻšā§āĻ›āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ­āĻ°āĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻšāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡ pins, hairpins, puffs, powders, patches, Bible āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ love letters  āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ Betty āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻĒāĻŖā§āĻ¯ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻļā§‹āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Belinda āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ° āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ—āĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ˛ā§‹āĻŽāĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻāĻ˛āĻ•āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ†āĻ­āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤āĻ¸āĻšā§‡āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĢāĻ¸ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§āĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§‹āĻļāĻžāĻ• āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻžā§āĻœāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡, Belinda āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° Sylph-āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Betty-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻœāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Conclusion: To sum up, her decoration represents the women of high society at that time. This poem is nothing but satire on extra decoration.

āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻ‚āĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻŽā§‹āĻŸ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻœā§āĻœāĻž āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻš āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ§āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻœā§āĻœāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

  • Describe the game of ombre at Hampton Court.

Introduction: Alexander Pope (1688 – 1744) is a poet and critic of the English Neoclassical period (1660 – 1785). He is best known for his poems ”An Essay on Criticism” (1711), ”The Rape of the Lock” (1712). The game scene is one of the important scenes in the poem.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: Alexander Pope (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Žā§Ž – ā§§ā§­ā§Ēā§Ē) āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ“āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Ŧā§Ļ – ā§§ā§­ā§Žā§Ģ) āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° ”An Essay on Criticism” (ā§§ā§­ā§§ā§§), ”The Rape of the Lock” (ā§§ā§­ā§§ā§¨) āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ—ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯āĨ¤

The game of Ombre at Hampton Court Palace

This is a game of card for three persons. In canto 3, we get the description of the game of Ombre among Belinda, Baron and an unnamed person. The boat appears at Hampton Court Palace where Britain’s statesmen (member of parliament) discusses politics. The ladies and the gentlemen go to their courtly entertainments.

After chatting, Belinda sits to play game of cards. Belinda declares spades as trumps and leads with her four highest cards. Then Baron catches her king of clubs with his queen and then leads back with his high diamonds. Belinda is in danger of being defeated because she needs one more trick to win the hand. But she recovers in the last trick so about just simply win back the amount she calls. Before her winning moment both Belinda and Baron win four tricks.

However, the contest between Baron and Belinda is very much enjoyable.

āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸āĻžāĻĻā§‡ āĻ…āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻž

āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ—ā§‡āĻŽāĨ¤ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‹ ā§Š-āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž, āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽāĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§€āĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°(Ombre) āĻ—ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸āĻžāĻĻā§‡ āĻ¨ā§ŒāĻ•āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŸāĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨āĻ°āĻž (āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻ āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯) āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ­āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§‹āĻĻāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤

āĻ—āĻžāĻ˛āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻž āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ‡āĻļā§āĻ•āĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ˜ā§‹āĻˇāĻŖāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻšā§āĻš āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° (āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ°) āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻŦāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻž āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻš āĻšā§€āĻ°āĻž(āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ) āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻšā§‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻļāĻ™ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻœāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§‚āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻœāĻ¯āĻŧā§€ āĻŽā§āĻšā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻ­āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ āĻœāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ­ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤

Conclusion: To sum up, the description of the game of Ombre is the representation of high society of Pope’s time.

āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻ‚āĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻŽā§‹āĻŸ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°  āĻ—ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°āĻŖ āĻš’āĻ˛ āĻĒā§‹āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻš āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ§āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĨ¤

  • Give an account of the casket episode in ”She Stoops to Conquer”.

Introduction: Casket episode forms an integral part of the sub-plot in the comedy named ”She Stoops to Conquer” (1771) by Oliver Goldsmith (1728 – 1774). In the episode, Neville can be free to marry Hastings.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻŦ Oliver Goldsmith (ā§§ā§­ā§¨ā§Ž – ā§§ā§­ā§­ā§Ē) āĻāĻ°  ”She Stoops to Conquer” (ā§§ā§­ā§­ā§§) āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽāĻ• āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒ-āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻĻā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡, Neville Hastings-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Description of casket episode

Miss Neville is now under the guardianship of her aunty, Mrs. Hardcastle. Neville’s jewels are in the hand of her aunty. Mrs. Hardcastle is greedy because she wants to manage the marriage between Neville and her spoiled son, Tony. Because she wants to keep Neville’s jewels in their house. But Neville loves Hastings. They want to elope to France with her jewels for getting marriage.

Tony helps them to get Neville’s jewels because he does not want to marry her. He steals the casket of jewels from his mother’s almirah. He also hands it over to Hastings successfully.

Hastings hands it over to Marlow for safe custody. But Marlow does not know anything about the casket story. He becomes confused and thinks that keeping casket is very risky to him. He also hands it over to Mrs. Hardcastle for safe custody. Thus, the casket of jewels goes back to the same hand again.

Hastings and Neville’s plan to elopement is nearly broken down. At that time, they are united through the tricks of Tony. When Mr. Hardcastle declares that Tony is now adult enough to marry, he refuses to marry Neville. Thus, Neville gets back her lover, Hastings and her jewels.

āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž

Miss Neville āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋ, Mrs. Hardcastle-āĻ° āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ§ā§€āĻ¨ā§‡āĨ¤ Neville-āĻ° āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡āĨ¤ Mrs. Hardcastle āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ­ā§€ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ Neville āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ›ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ Tony-āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ Neville -āĻ° āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ Neville Hastings-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

Tony āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° Neville-āĻ° āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ˛āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ—āĻšāĻ¨āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻšā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻĢāĻ˛āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ Hastings-āĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

Hastings āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšā§‡āĻĢāĻžāĻœāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ Marlow-āĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ Marlow āĻ•āĻžāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻ‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻā§āĻāĻ•āĻŋāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšā§‡āĻĢāĻžāĻœāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ Mrs. Hardcastle-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡, āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

Hastings āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Neville-āĻ° āĻĒāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ°āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ­ā§‡āĻ™ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž Tony-āĻ° āĻ•ā§ŒāĻļāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻĻā§āĻ§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ Mr. Hardcastle āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ˜ā§‹āĻˇāĻŖāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ Tony āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ¯āĻĨā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ā§āĻ•, āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡ Neville-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡, Neville āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•, Hastings āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Conclusion: To sum up, this is clear like pure water that This casket episode develops the comedy. This episode deals with Hasting’s and Neville’s love-story.

  • How does Belinda set off for Hampton Court Palace?

Introduction: Alexander Pope (1688 – 1744) is a poet and critic of the English Neoclassical period (1660 – 1785). He is best known for his poems ”An Essay on Criticism” (1711), ”The Rape of the Lock” (1712). Every moment of Belinda is finely sketched in the mock-epic poem. Belinda’s visiting to Hampton Court Palace will be discussed here.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: Alexander Pope (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Žā§Ž – ā§§ā§­ā§Ēā§Ē) āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ“āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Ŧā§Ļ – ā§§ā§­ā§Žā§Ģ) āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° ”An Essay on Criticism” (ā§§ā§­ā§§ā§§), ”The Rape of the Lock” (ā§§ā§­ā§§ā§¨) āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ Belinda-āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽā§āĻšā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻ‡ mock-epic  āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸ā§‚āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻŽāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĨ¤ Belinda-āĻ° āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤

Purpose of going to Hampton Court Palace

Hampton Court Palace is the centre of British statesmen for discussing political issues. Belinda has a habit of going there because of getting peer.

āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§āĻ¯

āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•ā§‚āĻŸāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻā§‡āĻ° (member of parliament) āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĨ¤ āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ Belinda-āĻ° āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Decoration of Belinda

Belinda takes heavy makeup to attract her peer or a statesman. We get its description in the last part of Canto-2. We may refer it as Belinda’s toilette scene of the poem. She uses a lot of cosmetics by the help of her maid, Betty and the Sylphs. She decorates herself in such a way that the Crimson Horizon cannot surpass her beauty.

Belinda-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻœāĻ¸āĻœā§āĻœāĻž

Belinda āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ•āĻ•ā§āĻˇ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‚āĻŸāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ (member of parliament) āĻ†āĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§€ āĻŽā§‡āĻ•āĻ†āĻĒ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‹ -ā§¨ āĻāĻ° āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° Belinda-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻœ āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ˛ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ– āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻžāĻ¸ā§€, Betty āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Sylph-āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻ¨ā§€ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻœā§āĻœāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ Crimson Horizon āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤

Attraction of men on her

Belinda sets out by boat on the river, Thames for Hampton Court Palace. She wears a shining cross on her right bosom. She is the striking beautiful member on the boat. The crowd of men are stuck to her being attracted with her charming beauty.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖ

Belinda āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŸā§‡āĻŽāĻ¸ āĻ¨āĻĻā§€āĻ° āĻ¤ā§€āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§ŒāĻ•āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ°āĻ“āĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĄāĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ˛āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻ¸ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¨ā§ŒāĻ•āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§€ āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŧ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻŸāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Conclusion: At Hampton Court Palace, Belinda’s gorgeous appearance and her attempt to show attractive to men are nicely depicted in the poem.

āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻ‚āĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¸ā§‡, Belinda-āĻ° āĻĻā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ āĻšā§‡āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

  • What is sentimental comedy?

Introduction: Scholars argue that Colley Cibber (1671 – 1757) was an actor-manager, writer, and poet laureate. He wrote the first sentimental comedy named ”Love’s Last Shift” (1696). We will know here what Sentimental Comedy is.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: āĻĒāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¤āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¯ā§‡  Colley Cibber (ā§§ā§Ŧā§­ā§§ – ā§§ā§­ā§Ģā§­) āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻž-āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻ•, āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ•āĻŦāĻŋ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ ”Love’s Last Shift” (ā§§ā§Ŧā§¯ā§Ŧ) āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ• āĻ°āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ• āĻ•ā§€ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦāĨ¤

Sentimental Comedy

Sentimental comedy is an 18th-century dramatic style which is originated as a response to the immoral tone of English Restoration Plays. A sentimental comedy is a type of play in which the sufferings of middle-class people are characterised in order to arouse pity and sympathies of the audience. Sentimental comedies deal with different types of problems regarding to marriage, family life etc. Sentimental comedies include serious, philosophic and moral aims. These plays aim to generate tears rather than laughter in front of the audience. Middle-class protagonists successfully overcome a rank of moral trials in this type of comedies. The best-known sentimental comedy is ”The Conscious Lovers” (1722) by Sir Richard Steele (1672 – 1729). This comedy deals with the trials and tribulations of its penniless heroine Indiana.

Sentimental comedy

Sentimental comedy āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ ā§§ā§Ž āĻļāĻ¤āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ‡āĻ˛ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ Restoration āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĻā§āĻ­ā§‚āĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Sentimental comedy āĻšāĻ˛ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ• āĻ¯āĻž āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻž āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻšāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ­ā§‚āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻœāĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŖā§€āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‹āĻ—ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤ Sentimental comedy āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻš, āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ• āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ Sentimental comedy-āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ (serious), āĻŦāĻŋāĻšāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ…āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻœāĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻĢāĻ˛āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡  āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ Sentimental comedy āĻš’āĻ˛ Sir Richard Steele (ā§§ā§­ā§­ā§¨ – ā§§ā§­ā§¨ā§¯) āĻ°āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤  ”The Conscious Lovers” (ā§§ā§­ā§¨ā§¨)āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ° āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻ‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ°/āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻ ā§‹āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻļāĻž/āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Conclusion: Whatever the argues, this type of comedy develops the store of English Plays. This comedy deals with moral and philosophic aspects.

āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻ‚āĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ/āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻ•/āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž  āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‡ āĻšā§‹āĻ• āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻāĻ‡ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ˛āĻŋāĻļ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻŦāĻŋāĻšāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

  • Why do Hastings and Neville plan to elope?

Introduction: Hastings and Neville are the characters from a comedy named ”She Stoops to Conquer” (1771) by Oliver Goldsmith (1728 – 1774). They love each other very much.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: Hastings āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Neville Oliver Goldsmith (ā§§ā§­ā§¨ā§Ž – ā§§ā§­ā§­ā§Ē) āĻāĻ°  ”She Stoops to Conquer” (ā§§ā§­ā§­ā§§) āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽāĻ• āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĨ¤

The reasons of their plan

Hastings and Marlow are two good friends. Marlow comes to Mr. Hardcastle’s house in order to see Miss Hardcastle, daughter of Mr. Hardcastle and Mrs. Hardcastle. Hastings comes with his friend and meets his beloved Neville. She is now under the guardianship of her aunty, Mrs. Hardcastle. Neville’s jewels are in the hand of her aunty. Mrs. Hardcastle is greedy because she wants to manage the marriage between Neville and her spoiled son, Tony. Because she wants to keep Neville’s jewels in their house.

Firstly, Hastings wants to run away to France with his beloved, Neville to marry her and deceiving Mrs. Hardcastle as well.

Secondly, they want to run away to France because there is liberal marriage law than England.

Thirdly, when Hastings comes to know by Neville that Sir Charles Marlow, Marlow’s father will arrive here tonight, he wants to elope before his arrival. Because he knows Hastings. If he comes here, he would reveal his identity. So, their plan to elopement is hasted.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ

Hastings āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Marlow āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĨ¤ Mr. Hardcastle āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Mrs. Hardcastle-āĻ° āĻ•āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻž Miss Hardcastle-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ Mr. Hardcastle-āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĨ¤ Hastings āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧ Neville-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋ, Mrs. Hardcastle-āĻ° āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ§ā§€āĻ¨ā§‡āĨ¤ Neville-āĻ° āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡āĨ¤ Mrs. Hardcastle āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ­ā§€ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ Neville āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻˇā§āĻŸ  āĻ›ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ Tony-āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ Neville-āĻ° āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽāĻ¤, Hastings āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧ, Neville-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Mrs. Hardcastle-āĻ•ā§‡āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĢā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ¨ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻ¤ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤, Hastings āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ Neville-āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ¯ā§‡ Marlow-āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž Sir Charles Marlow āĻ†āĻœ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ¸ā§‡  āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ Hastings-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚, āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Conclusion: To sum up, we can say that Hasting and Neville do plan to elope for their deep love, mainly.

  • Why does Tony misdirect Marlow and Hastings?

Introduction: They all are the characters of a comedy named ”She Stoops to Conquer” (1771) by Oliver Goldsmith (1728 – 1774). Tony is the son of Mrs Hardcastle by her first husband Squire Lumpkin.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ Oliver Goldsmith (ā§§ā§­ā§¨ā§Ž – ā§§ā§­ā§­ā§Ē) āĻāĻ°  ”She Stoops to Conquer” (ā§§ā§­ā§­ā§§) āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽāĻ• āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĨ¤ āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹  Mrs. Hardcastle āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€ Squire Lumpkin-āĻ° āĻ›ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤

The reason of misdirection

Tony has inherited somewhat wildness of his father and ÂŖ 1500 a year. He lives with his mother and step father, Mr. Hardcastle. Marlow and Hastings want to go to Mr. Hardcastle’s house. But unfortunately, they lose their way and go to’ ‘Three Pigeons”. Here, Tony misdirects Marlow and Hastings for two reasons.

Firstly, Tony’s stepfather always scolds him for being bad and finds faults with him. Even he calls Tony young dog. For this reason, Tony becomes fed up and wants to take revenge on his stepfather.

Secondly, Tony likes very much fun and mischief. He misdirects them for his love of fun and practical jokes.

āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ

Tony āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ°ā§‡ ā§§ā§Ģā§Ļā§Ļ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§Ž āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž Mr. Hardcastle-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤ Marlow āĻ†āĻ° Mr. Hastings Mr. Hardcastle-āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻĨ āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ ”Three Pigeons” āĻ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡, Tony āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ Marlow āĻ†āĻ° Mr. Hastings-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļāĻ¨āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽāĻ¤, Tony-āĻ° āĻ¸ā§Ž āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĻāĻž āĻ–āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻĒ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻŸāĻŋāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻāĻœā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ Tony-āĻ•ā§‡ young dog āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡, Tony āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§Ž āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻļā§‹āĻ§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤, Tony āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻŽāĻœāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻā§āĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ• āĻ°āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļāĻ¨āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Conclusion: In a sentence, Tony misdirects Marlow and Hastings for his taking revenge on his stepfather and love of fun.

  • Write a short note on Clarissa.

Introduction: Alexander Pope (1688 – 1744) is a poet and critic of the English Neoclassical period (1660 – 1785). He is best known for his poems ”An Essay on Criticism” (1711), ”The Rape of the Lock” (1712). Clarissa is one of the characters in ”The Rape of the Lock”.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: Alexander Pope (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Žā§Ž – ā§§ā§­ā§Ēā§Ē) āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ“āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Ŧā§Ļ – ā§§ā§­ā§Žā§Ģ) āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° ”An Essay on Criticism” (ā§§ā§­ā§§ā§§), ”The Rape of the Lock” (ā§§ā§­ā§§ā§¨) āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ Clarissa āĻš’āĻ˛ ”The Rape of the Lock” āĻāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĨ¤

The character of Clarissa

Real heroine: Clarissa is one of the women in attendance at the Hampton Court party. She is a friend of the main heroine, Belinda. In canto 5, We get her witty speech by which we can say that she is the real heroine.

Scissor supplier: Clarissa lends a pair of scissors to Baron. Then he cuts off Belinda’s hair with these. Supplying scissors is an important incident in the poem. For that, the story has been completed.

Practical character: In canto 5, She delivers her speech in such a way that we are compelled to address her as practical character. For example, she declares that a woman needs her good sense to get love to a man. She says if any woman scorns man she has to die without marriage. She says:

”And she who scorns a man must die a maid”.

She asserts that a woman needs her beauty of mind to get a man’s love instead of her physical charms.

Pope’s commentator: All the moral teachings of the poem have been delivered by the poet in the mouth of Clarissa.

Clarissa-āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ

āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ ClarissaāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĨ¤ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‹ ā§Ģ āĻ, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¤ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻŖāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋāĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŦā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĨ¤

āĻ•āĻžāĻāĻšāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŦāĻ°āĻžāĻšāĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€: Clarissa  Baron-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻœā§‹āĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻāĻšāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ Belinda-āĻ° āĻšā§āĻ˛ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸā§‡ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻāĻšāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŦāĻ°āĻžāĻš āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° (āĻ•āĻžāĻāĻšāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŦāĻ°āĻžāĻš) āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŦ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°: āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‹ ā§Ģ āĻ, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻŦāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŦā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒā§ŒāĻāĻ›ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŦ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ āĻšāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˜ā§‹āĻˇāĻŖāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡:

” āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ˜ā§ƒāĻŖāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ‡ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§€ (āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ) āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡ ”āĨ¤

āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻā§ƒāĻĸāĻŧāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻļāĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻ°āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻŽāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻĒā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨āĨ¤

Pope-āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°āĻŖāĻĻāĻžāĻ¤āĻž: āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ Clarissa-āĻ° āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŦāĻ°āĻžāĻš āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

Conclusion: To sum up, we can say that the character of Clarissa is very much important to develop the poem. Pope is able to sketch the side character of main heroine as moral teacher.

āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻ‚āĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻĒā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻļāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ Clarissa-āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤ āĻĒā§‹āĻĒ āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

  • Write a short note on Comedy of Manners.

Introduction: Normally, the comedy of manners is started to write in Restoration period (1660-1700). ‘‘The Way of the World’’ (1700) is the finest example of comedy of manners.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤, comedy of manners Restoration āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Ŧā§Ļ-ā§§ā§­ā§Ļā§Ļ) āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ ‘‘The Way of the World ’’ (1700) comedy of manners-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĨ¤

The comedy of manners

The comedy of manners is a form of comedy that satirises the manners and affectations of contemporary society and questions social standards. In other words, plays of this type are typically set in the world of upper class, and ridicule the pretensions of those who consider themselves socially superior, deflating them with satire, with witty dialogue and cleverly constituted scenarios. Comedies of manners comment on the standards and mores of society and explore the relationships of the sexes.

The comedy of manners (āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ•/āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•)

The comedy of manners āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻāĻ‡ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻš āĻļā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŖā§€āĻ° āĻœāĻ—āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻ¤āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§‡āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻšā§āĻĒāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĒ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸā§āĻ¯ āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ Comedies of manners-(āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ) āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻĻāĻŖā§āĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŦā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° (āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ°) āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

The features of comedy of manners

Since comedy of manners is a special type of farce, it has some salient features which are:

  1. Marriage is a frequent subject.
  2. Playwrights use ‘stock characters’ which stand for the fool; the schemer the hypocrite, the jealous husband and interfering old parents or guardians.
  3. Twisted plot.
  4. Miscommunications and the scandal.
  5. Witty dialogue based on satire.

The masters of comedy of manners

  1. George Etherege (1635 – 1692)
  2. William Wycherley (1640 – 1716)
  3. John Vanbrugh (1664 – 1726)
  4. William Congreve (1670 – 1729)
  5. George Farquhar (1678 – 1707)
  6. Oliver Goldsmith (1728 – 1774)

Conclusion: To sum up, we can say that comedy of manners is a comedy that deals with the behaviour of people.

  1. Write a short note on Mirabel.

Introduction: William Congreve (1670 – 1729) is one of the prominent playwrights of Restoration period. Mirabel is the protagonist of the play ”The Way of the World” (1700).

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: William Congreve (ā§§ā§Ŧā§­ā§Ļ – ā§§ā§­ā§¨ā§¯) Restoration period-āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤ Mirabel ”The Way of the World” (ā§§ā§­ā§Ļā§Ļ) āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĨ¤

Note on Mirabel

Mirabel is a character of woman-loving in the play. We get him as a lover of more than one woman. He is handsome, fashionable, intellectual and clever as well. He was lover of Mrs. Fainall before her marriage with Mr. Fainall. Now, he loves Millamant. She is Mrs. Fainall’s cousin and Lady Wishfort’s niece. In ”Cabal Night” Lady Wishfort kicked him out. He flatters with Lady Wishfort because he needs consent of her to marry Millamant. Millamant and her fortune both are under guardianship of her aunt. Everywoman wants Mirabel.

In ”Proviso scene”, he shows his witty mentality. He saves Lady Wishfort’s status, liberty and fortune as well. Mr. Fainall and Mrs. Marwood plot against Lady Wishfort. They want to marry each other. Finally, they be failed against Mirabel’s brain. Mirabel can marry Millamant after his trick. He is wicked but not devoid of morals. He never says that why he does not marry Mrs. Fainall.

Mirabel-āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻŸā§€āĻ•āĻž

Mirabel āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§€ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ¨, āĻ¸ā§āĻ°ā§āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻ¤, āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋāĻœā§€āĻŦā§€ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ“āĨ¤ Mr. Fainall-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ(Mirabel) Mrs. Fainall-āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ Millamant-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ Mrs. Fainall-āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚  Lady Wishfort-āĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ¤āĻŋāĻœāĻŋāĨ¤ ” āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ‡āĻŸ’-āĻ  Lady Wishfort āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡(Mirabel) āĻ˛āĻžāĻĨāĻŋ āĻŽā§‡āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ (āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‹)āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ  Lady Wishfort-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻˇāĻžāĻŽā§‹āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ Millamant-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨āĨ¤ Millamant āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻĻ  āĻ‰āĻ­āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ°  āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ§ā§€āĻ¨ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€ Mirabel āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

”Proviso āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯ā§‡ ”, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ  Lady Wishfort-āĻ° āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻž, āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§€āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻĻāĻ“ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ Mr. Fainall āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Mrs. Marwood  Lady Wishfort-āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§‡ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž Mirabel-āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻ¨āĨ¤ Mirabel āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§ŒāĻļāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ Millamant-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§€āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ Mrs. Fainall-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤

Conclusion: To sum up, we can say that Mirabel is the life-like character of Congreve’s time.

āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸āĻ‚āĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻĒā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ Mirabel Congreve-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĨ¤

  1. Write a short note on Popish Plot.

Short note on Popish Plot

According to Dictionary.com, Popish Plot means ”an imaginary conspiracy against the crown of Great Britain on the part of English Roman Catholics, fabricated in 1678 by Titus Oates as a means of gaining power.”

Historical background of Popish Plot

Charles II was a closet Catholic. James was openly a Catholic. So, the people did not want him to be the heir to the king. Titus Oats fabricated the Popish Plot. He sued before a London Magistrate Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey declaring that the Catholic were planning to murder Charles II and enthrone James. Godfrey was missing and found dead. Titus Oats become the hero. About thirty-five Catholics were executed. Seven years after filling the case against the Catholics the Popish Plot was proved false and fabricated. Oats was publicly whipped on the London streets after James II had ascended the throne. He was imprisoned and William III released him in 1688 with the income of ÂŖ10 a week.

Popish Plot-āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻŸā§€āĻ•āĻž

Dictionary.com-āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‡, Popish Plot-āĻ° āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ ” āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœ āĻ°ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŸ āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻŸā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ• āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°, (āĻāĻŸāĻŋ) ā§§ā§Ŧā§­ā§Ž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ Titus Oates āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ ”

Popish Plot-āĻ° āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻŸāĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋ

Charles II āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧ  āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤ James āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ• āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚, āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡āĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ (āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡) āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤ Titus Oates Popish Plot āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ (āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸ)āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŸ Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey-āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•āĻ°āĻž Charles II-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ James-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ§āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĨ¤ Godfrey āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§‹āĻāĻœ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‹āĨ¤ Titus Oates āĻšāĻŋāĻ°ā§‹ āĻšāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻļāĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāĻ˛āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ Popish Plot āĻŽāĻŋāĻĨā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŸ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ James II āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ‚āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ°ā§‹āĻšāĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ Oates-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ˜āĻžāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž (āĻļāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ) āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŦāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ William III āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§‡ ÂŖ ā§§ā§Ļ (ā§§ā§Ļ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻĄ) āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ ā§§ā§Ŧā§Žā§Ž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

Part – C

  1. Sketch the character of Belinda.

Introduction: Belinda is the main attraction of the mock-heroic poem “The Rape of the Lock” by Alexander Pope (1688-1744). There are several aspects of her personality. She is a bundle of contradictions and the object of satire. On the other hand, she is the goddess of beauty and charm.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ•āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‹āĻĒā§‡āĻ° (ā§§ā§Ŧā§Žā§Ž-ā§§ā§­ā§Ēā§Ē) āĻ°āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ “The Rape of the Lock” āĻŽāĻ•-āĻšāĻŋāĻ°ā§‹āĻ‡āĻ• āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻš’āĻ˛ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ• āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦā§ˆāĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻŦā§€ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§‹āĻšāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

Paradigm of laziness

At the beginning of the poem, Belinda is depicted as a lazy woman who sleeps until noon.  she loves to dream about her lovers and how to make them fool. Even she loves her lapdog Shock more than her lovers. The poet satirizes her for her idleness. Her dog knows when to wake her up. After waking up, she must perform her toilet. Thus, Belinda is the epitome of laziness who cannot bring minimum conjugal happiness.

āĻ…āĻ˛āĻ¸āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤

āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡, āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ˛āĻ¸ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ° āĻ…āĻŦāĻ§āĻŋ āĻ˜ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§‹āĻ•āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āĻ¨ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻĄā§‹āĻ— āĻļāĻ• āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ˛āĻ¸āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ° āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻ˜ā§āĻŽ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ“āĻ āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŸāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ‰āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚, āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ…āĻ˛āĻ¸āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ, āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ā§‚āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ– āĻ†āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤

Self-conceit

In fact, Belinda is in love with her own beauty and full of vanities. The dressing table that has been called toilet table in the poem is like a church to her. Her cosmetics are like her sacrifices and offerings to the goddess of beauty. Pope satirically calls her the goddess of beauty.

“How awful beauty puts on all its arms;

The fair each moment rises in her charms.”

A lady who has such an extreme beauty must be proud as she is not wise. So, self-pride belongs to the ladies who are like Belinda.

āĻ†āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ—ā§ŒāĻ°āĻŦ

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡, āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĄā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŸāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻ¨ā§€ āĻš’āĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻš āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻŦā§€āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻ—ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹āĨ¤ āĻĒā§‹āĻĒ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻŦā§€ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤

“āĻ­āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ™ā§āĻ•āĻ° āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–ā§‡;

āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽā§āĻšā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‹āĻŽā§āĻ—ā§āĻ§āĻ•āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤

āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ°āĻŽ āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ‡ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚, āĻ†āĻ¤ā§āĻŽ-āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻŦ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻ—āĻ¤āĨ¤

Luxury and artificiality

Belinda’s dressing table symbolizes her showy nature and intention for luxury. When she finally rises from bed at noon, she goes through a love letter. Soon she gets busy with her toilette. She beautifies herself with the help of her maid servant, Betty. In order to adorn her, Betty opens a box which contains sundry precious articles like shining hair pins, puffs, powders, patches, Arabian perfume and a love letter or billet-doux. Her toilet moves forward as a heroic warrior. But of course, in this case, she is a woman who wears her clothes just to allure and entice the male.

āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¤āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻž

āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻĄā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻœāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§€āĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇā§‡ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ›āĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ āĻ˛, āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻļā§€āĻ˜ā§āĻ°āĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŸāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻžāĻ¸ā§€ āĻšāĻžāĻ•āĻ° āĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¸āĻœā§āĻœāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻŦā§‡āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¸ āĻ–ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻ•āĻšāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¨, āĻĒāĻžāĻĢāĻ¸, āĻ—ā§āĻāĻĄāĻŧā§‹, āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻšāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ, āĻ†āĻ°āĻŦā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸ā§āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ-āĻĄā§āĻāĻ•ā§āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŸāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ āĻŦā§€āĻ° āĻ¯ā§‹āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ‡, āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§‹āĻļāĻžāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ°ā§‹āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ˛ā§āĻŦā§āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

A sweet artificial charmer

When Belinda sets out by boat on the river Thames of Hampton Court Palace, “Every eye was fixed on her alone.” Her lively looks and quick eyes attract the attention and adoration of those who see her. Her glittering raiment includes a sparkling cross which she wears on her white breast. Jews and infidels would like to kiss the cross willingly just to be able to touch her breast. Here Pope criticizes the weak believers who are mere worshiper of futile showy beauty.

āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻŽ āĻšā§‡āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻž

āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻŽāĻ¸ āĻ¨āĻĻā§€āĻ° āĻ¤ā§€āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§ŒāĻ•āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ°āĻ“āĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻ¨, “āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‡  āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤” āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻšā§‡āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻšā§‹āĻ– āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¨āĻž āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ•āĻšāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§‹āĻļāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ˛āĻ•āĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻ¸ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ‡āĻšā§āĻĻā§€ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻžāĻĢā§‡āĻ°āĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻšā§āĻ›āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§āĻļāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšā§āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒā§‹āĻĒ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§€āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ• āĻļā§‹āĻ­āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¸āĻ•āĨ¤

Perfect coquette

Belinda is a perfect coquette. When offers are made to her, she rejects them. She ignores the advances made to her, but she does not express her disinclination in an offensive manner. To put it differently, she discourages her admirers to pay too much attention to her in such a manner that it does not hurt him but attracts him more. Thus, the moral bankruptcy of the women is ridiculed.

āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻĢā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ

āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸāĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻŦ āĻĻā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻšā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ†āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¤āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļāĻ‚āĻ¸āĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§ā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ†āĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚, āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻĻā§‡āĻ‰āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ‰āĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

Hypocrite

Belinda is a hypocrite. She pretends to be considered virtuous, but she is ready to have fun with young folk. She loves the Baron at heart but rebukes and abuses him. When the Baron tries to cut hair, the sylphs frustrate his attempt three times. In a last-ditch effort to protect her hair, Ariel accesses her mind and is shocked to find “an early lover lurking at her breast”. The strong attraction of Belinda to the Baron keeps her out of Ariel’s control that is why Ariel fails to protect her beautiful lock of hair.

āĻ­āĻŖā§āĻĄ

āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ­āĻŖā§āĻĄāĻž āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻŖā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§‡āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻŽāĻœāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡ āĻšā§ƒāĻĻāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ“ āĻ—āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻšā§āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĢāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¤āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§āĻ˛ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ “āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•” āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻšāĻ¤āĻŦāĻžāĻ• āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤  āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ°  āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§‚āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

Inevitable sufferer

When Belinda sees her lock cut off, she burns with indignation. she screams with fear and distress. Later, in the battle of the sexes, she throws a pinch of snuff or a small piece of breakfast into the Baron’s nose which makes him sneeze and fills his eyes with tears. She makes him surrender at the point of her hair pin and demands her lock back. But the lock could not be found anywhere. Through Belinda’s sufferings, Pope rebukes the vanity of fair.

āĻ…āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻ­ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻ­ā§‹āĻ—ā§€

āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡, āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ā§‡ āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ­āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™ā§āĻ•āĻŸā§‡ āĻšāĻŋā§ŽāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡, āĻ›ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡-āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ¯ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§‹āĻĢ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤āĻƒāĻ°āĻžāĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ›ā§‹āĻŸ āĻŸā§āĻ•āĻ°ā§‹ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻšāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‹āĻ–ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻšā§‹āĻ– āĻ­āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§āĻ˛ āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ¸āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĒāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻĨāĻžāĻ“ āĻ˛āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻ­ā§‹āĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒā§‹āĻĒ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻšāĻ‚āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

Conclusion: Thus, Belinda is in some sense a goddess because of the personification of Beauty and representative of the fashionable aristocratic women of her age.

  • Discuss the dramatic significance of the proviso scene.

Or, evaluate the significance of the proviso scene.

Introduction: Millamant and Mirabell’s negotiations in Scene 5 of Act 4 make it the most famous scene in The Way of the World. Known as the “proviso scene,” for the bargaining between characters. Millamant’s terms of engagement cast her as the representation of the Restoration Period’s modern woman.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: āĻāĻ•ā§āĻŸ ā§Ē āĻ¸ā§€āĻ¨ ā§Ģ āĻ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž The Way of the World āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĻāĻ° āĻ•āĻˇāĻžāĻ•āĻˇāĻŋāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ “āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¸ā§‹ āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯” āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ—āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‹āĨ¤

Detailed concept of the proviso scene

Mirabell sneaks into the room while Millamant works on memorizing the poem. Standing behind her, he repeats the next line, startling her. Mirabell wonders if Millamant locks herself away from him to make his search “more curious” or because she has finally given up and will marry him. Millamant jokingly wonders if she’ll cease to be interesting once she’s freed from the “fatigues of solicitation.” She vows never to marry unless her husband can promise her freedom and pleasure.

Mirabell flirtatiously offers her both. Mirabell carries on, saying she won’t change her daily routines once married, nor will she respond to “pet” names like “my dear, joy, jewel, love, sweetheart, and the rest of that nauseous cant.” If she marries Mirabell, she says, she wants to live a “strange and well-bred” life in which they basically ignore each other, never kissing or being seen together in public. She asks to be able to come and go as she pleases, wear what she wants, have no obligation to converse with his boring family members, and be alone when she feels like it.

If Mirabell can agree to these terms, she admits she may “dwindle” into a wife. Mirabell agrees and lists his own terms for Millamant: she must never have a close female friend who might cause unnecessary drama in their marriage, she must stop wearing masks, and she may not wear corsets while pregnant lest she “mold my boy’s head like a sugar-loaf.” He also lists a few dietary requirements, including no foreign foods.

āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¸ā§‹ āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻĻ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻž

āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ˜āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĸā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽā§āĻ–āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻŽāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡ “āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§‚āĻšāĻ˛” āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ›ā§‡āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§‚āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸ āĻŽāĻœāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻžāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° “more curious” āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšā§€ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ  āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§€āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ  āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ āĻĢā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻœāĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ…āĻĢāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ“ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž, āĻŦāĻž “āĻĒā§‹āĻˇā§āĻ¯” āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡ “āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ†āĻ¨āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ, āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨, āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽ, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŖāĻ¯āĻŧā§€, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§€ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ›āĻžāĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ‡” āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ “āĻ…āĻĻā§āĻ­ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¨āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤” āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ¤ āĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻšā§āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ“ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ¯āĻž āĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤

āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§€āĻ° āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ āĻāĻ•āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ°āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻŦāĻ˛ā§€ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ­ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨: āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¯ā§ŒāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ• āĻ¤ā§ˆāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻ˜āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ  āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨āĻ“āĻ‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ‡ āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§‹āĻļ āĻĒāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻŦāĻ¤ā§€ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ†āĻŸā§‹āĻ¸āĻžāĻŸā§‹ āĻĒā§‹āĻļāĻžāĻ• āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ­āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻš āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĄāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŸāĻ°āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤āĻžāĻ“ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ­ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

Significance of the scene

The proviso scene purports utmost dramatic significance to hand major themes of the drama – love, marriage and wealth. This can be said a short play within a long-confused play that is similar to Shakespeare’s creative genius. This extraordinary scene is the psychological analysis of the human beings focusing on the following facts.

  1. Planning
  2. Independence
  3. Expectations
  4. Rules and regulations
  5. Patriarchal control and
  6. Adjustment in conjugal life.

āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¤āĻžā§ŽāĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¸ā§‹ āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻĨāĻŋāĻŽāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ – āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤ā§ˆāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜-āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ• āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻļā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻ¸āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§ƒāĻœāĻ¨āĻļā§€āĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻš’āĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽā§āĻ¨āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻˇāĻŖāĨ¤

Conclusion: However, the smooth, witty conversation between Millamant and Mirabell show how perfectly paired they are for each other. Clearly in love, the couple compliments each other physically, mentally, and emotionally. Congreve contrasts this match sharply with the only other true competitor for Millamant’s hand: Sir Wilfull.

  •  Discuss the character of Lady Wishfort.

Introduction: The character of Lady Wishfort has been portrayed in a humorous way. She is very dominant in her behavior. The play “The Way of the World” revolves round her. She is the combination of humor and pathos. She is a snob, gullible, old and desperate coquette to get a husband. Although readers get enough element of humor in her character, basically she is a tragic character.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: Lady Wishfort āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĨ¤ “The Way of the World” āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨā§‹āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ°āĻŖāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ•āĻŋ, āĻĻā§‹āĻˇā§€, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ•ā§‹āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŸāĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ°āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¯āĻĨā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĨ¤

Impatient temperament

Lady Wishfort is a character who does not have patience for anything. She becomes perplexed when any adverse circumstances appear before her. When she waits for Sir Rownald, her impatience reaches its peak. She shows her excitement impatiently because she asks her maid servant again and again as to the arrival of Sir Rownald. Her mentality is very hot. She cannot tolerate anything which happens without her consent and she loses her temper. When she is annoyed with her maid servant, she says:

“Out of my house, out of my house, thou viper, thou serpent, that I have fostered,â€Ļâ€Ļ..”

Such impatient and hot mentality bears the testimony that Lady Wisfort is autocratic.

āĻ…āĻ§ā§ˆāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻŽā§‡āĻœāĻžāĻœ

Lady Wishfort āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ§ā§ˆāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•ā§‚āĻ˛ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¤āĻŦāĻžāĻ• āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ°ā§‹āĻžāĻ‰āĻ¨āĻ˛ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻĒā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§ā§ˆāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻž āĻļā§€āĻ°ā§āĻˇā§‡ āĻĒā§ŒāĻāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ§ā§€āĻ° āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§‡āĻœāĻ¨āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ°ā§‹āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻœāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ—āĻ°āĻŽāĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§€āĻ¤ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¸āĻšā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽā§‡āĻœāĻžāĻœ āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡:

āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĒ, āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĒ, āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ,”

āĻāĻ‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ…āĻ§ā§ˆāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻ¸āĻĢā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ°āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§€āĨ¤

Lack of judgement

Lady Wishfort has dislike for Mirabell and there are some pure reasons behind her dislike. She is not a reader of character. She is easily cheated by people around her because of her differentiating power between right and wrong, or good person and bad one. Mrs. Marwood is very close to her. She depends on her to a great extent. But Mrs. Marwood is involved in an intrigue and always tries to exploit her. On the other hand, Lady Wishfort has a deep dislike for Mirabell who ultimately comes forward to rescue her and he saves her fortune and social reputation winning over the dominant intrigue of Mr. Fainall against her.

āĻŦāĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ

āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻļāĻĢā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ–āĻžāĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻ• āĻ¨āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻžāĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻšāĻœā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, āĻŦāĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ–āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻ‰āĻĄ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ•āĻžāĻ‚āĻļā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻ‰āĻĄ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻœāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĻāĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻļā§‹āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡, āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻļāĻĢā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ—āĻ­ā§€āĻ° āĻ…āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻƒ āĻĢā§‡āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ā§€ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ­ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ• āĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

Sexual inclination

Lady Wishfort is a desperate coquette of the play to get a partner. She is surprising seeks her admirers although she has already passed her marriageable age. She behaves like a young juvenile girl despite being a woman of fifty-five. Her sexual appetite is just like a young teenaged girl though she does not show this. First of all, she gives her consent to Mirabell to flirt with her. Mirabell does so to marry her niece Millamant but she feels it for herself. When she gets the news that Sir Rownald is excited to meet her, she feels excitement. Then she tries her level best to impress him. So, we can feel that she is the paradigm of sexual inclination.

āĻ¯ā§ŒāĻ¨ āĻā§‹āĻāĻ•

āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļā§€āĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ  āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻļāĻĢā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ•ā§‹-āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻŸāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻžāĻ• āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļāĻ‚āĻ¸āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ āĻĒā§‡āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻĒāĻžā§āĻšāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ“ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻļā§‹āĻ° āĻ•āĻŋāĻļā§‹āĻ°ā§€āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ†āĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¯ā§ŒāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ§āĻž āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻļā§‹āĻ° āĻ•āĻŋāĻļā§‹āĻ°ā§€āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹, āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽāĻ¤, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛  āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ–āĻŦāĻ° āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ°ā§‹āĻžāĻ‰āĻ¨āĻ˛ā§āĻĄ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšā§€, āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§‡āĻœāĻ¨āĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŦāĻŸā§āĻ•ā§  āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§ŒāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻŖāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤

Autocratic senseless lady

Although Lady Wisfort is an autocratic lady, sometimes she exhibits stupidity. She is very commanding and influential, but she falls in troubles because of her senselessness. She easily trusts anybody.  She is a kind of lady who can be easily misguided even by her maid servant. Mrs. Marwood exploits her stupidity until she is exposed.

āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ°āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§€ āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¨āĻšā§€āĻ¨ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž

āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻ¸āĻĢā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ°āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§€ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž, āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ā§€, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ–āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ‰āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ• āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻžāĻ¸ā§€ āĻšāĻžāĻ•āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻšāĻœā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻ‰āĻĄ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ–āĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

Fusion of pathos and humor

Both of pathetic and humorous elements abound in the personality of Lady Wishfort. Truly speaking, she cannot be said a humorous character, but situation makes her humorous figure. Most of the characters exploits her as a humorous character. She makes her gesture like a young girl and enjoy her follies but actually she is not aware of all these. Like humor, pathos is noticeable in her character. She becomes victim of intrigues. She is influenced by others that is why she is to suffer a lot. She expresses her pathos in the following manner:

“Must I live to be confiscated at this rebel rate? Here come two mor my Egyptian plagues too.”

āĻāĻ•ā§€āĻ•āĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ°āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ°āĻŖ

āĻ‰āĻ­āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ•āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻļāĻĢā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšā§āĻ°āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻˇāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋāĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ‡āĻļāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ā§€ āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ­ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ°āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹, āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĨā§‹āĻœāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ­ā§‹āĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĒā§‹āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽā§āĻ¨āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ°ā§‹āĻ—āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨:

“āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻšā§€ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŦā§‡āĻāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡? āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāĻ°ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻļāĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤

Conclusion: To sum up, it can be said that the character of Lady Wishfort has been portrayed with great accuracy. William Congreve has given enough exposure to her character. She gains enough sympathy from the readers in the time of crisis though she is a funny character.

  •  Discuss “The Way of the World” as a comedy of manners.

Introduction: Comedy of manners is a play that gives a satirical portrayal of behavior in a particular social group. This genre of drama was popularized in Restoration Period (1660-1700). William Congreve (1670-1729) is certainly an influential writer of comedy of manners. His famous play “The Way of the World” is one of the most remarkable works of comedy of manners.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ• āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ• āĻ—ā§‹āĻˇā§āĻ ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻšāĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ (1660-1700) āĻœāĻ¨āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻ‚āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ­ (ā§§ā§Ŧā§­ā§Ļ-ā§§ā§­ā§¨ā§¯) āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ‡ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ• āĻļā§ˆāĻ˛ā§€āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ā§€ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ• “The Way of the World” āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻ‰āĻ˛ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻžāĻœāĨ¤

Special features of comedy of manners

Although comedy of manners becomes very popular because of its artistic presentation, the chief specialty of this form is related to its technical aspect. The main target of the writers of comedy of manners was the social follies prevalent in their time. Comedy of manners is primarily satirical in its approach. The way of the world contains satirical elements including love, marriage, treacherous persons, romantic dialogues, wit and humor which are essential ingredients of comedy of manners.

āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯

āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻļā§ˆāĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ•āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻœāĻ¨āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻŦā§āĻ“ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻĨā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻš, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻ˜āĻžāĻ¤āĻ• āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ, āĻ°ā§‹āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĒ, āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻš āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤

The mirror of contemporary time

“The Way of the World” is the most appropriate example of comedy of manners. This comedy contains almost all the qualities of a Restoration comedy. It presents a huge picture of contemporary social ethics and principles. This play maintains a satirical tone from beginning to end. It gives us valuable information about the sophisticated class of society in England at that time. How they were involved in their lifestyle; and how women of that period were crazy about fashions and love affairs, such kind of things has been brilliantly depicted in “The Way of the World”.

āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻž

āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŦāĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ “The Way of the World”āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‹āĻ°ā§‡āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻ—ā§āĻŖ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ§āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻœāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ā§€ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŖāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻœāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛; āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻļāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻĻ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻāĻ‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻœāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¸āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ “The Way of the World” āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

The illicit love-affairs

The play is engulfed with extra marital love affairs. When we minutely observe the plot of the play, we notice that Mr. Fainall ignores the dishonesty or treachery of his wife because he is no better than her. He has an illegal love affair with Mrs. Marwood. But when this immoral affair is exposed, he faces it without any feeling of shame and puts his arguments in order to defend himself. We can judge Mrs. Marwood’s moral dishonesty because she is still involved with Mirabell despite having a love affair with Mr. Fainall. Here we can laugh at Mr. Fainall’s condition because he thinks himself an over intelligent fellow, but he himself is being deceived by his wife and Mrs. Marwood.

āĻ…āĻŦā§ˆāĻ§ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ

āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻĻāĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŦāĻĻā§āĻ§āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŸāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻŦā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŽāĻŋāĻƒ āĻĢā§‡āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§€āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¸āĻ¤āĻ¤āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻ˜āĻžāĻ¤āĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻ‰āĻĒā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻ‰āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻŦā§ˆāĻ§ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§‹āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“āĻ°āĻ•āĻŽ āĻ˛āĻœā§āĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­ā§‚āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§‹āĻŽā§āĻ–āĻŋ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ‰āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āĻ¸āĻ¤āĻ¤āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻƒ āĻĢā§‡āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ“ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻœāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŽāĻŋāĻƒ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻšāĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§€ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§€ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻ‰āĻĄ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

The Affectations for fashionable society

“The Way of the World” depicts a wonderful picture of the affectations of the people particularly women of fashionable society. The dramatist ridicules them for their obsession for fashion. We get a clearer picture when we read the “Proviso-scene”. Mirabell presents a broad analysis about women’s habit of visiting theatres without their husband’s consent, extra-marital affairs and tea parties and so many other habits which were common or in vogue in fashionable circle of that society.

āĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻļāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸āĻŽā§‚āĻš

“The Way of the World” āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇāĻ¤ āĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻļāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻļāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ†āĻŦā§‡āĻ—ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ “āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¸ā§‹-āĻĻā§ƒāĻļā§āĻ¯” āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻ¤āĻŋ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻŦāĻšāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‚āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻļāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤

Domination of intrigues

There was absolute domination of intrigues in the Restoration society. Men and women were deeply involved in plotting and scheming. Such kind of intrigues were in vogue and young men wanted to marry rich women to acquire maximum fortune. In “The Way of the World”, we find that Mr. Fainall is not very interested in Mrs. Fainall. He does not love her, but he marries her only to achieve her property. He also wants to take over the entire property of Lady Wishfort on the basis of an illegal document. But Mirabell foils Mr. Fainall’s attempt and saves the property and reputation of Mrs. Fainall and Lady Wishfort.

āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ§āĻŋāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯

āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ†āĻ§āĻŋāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻ—āĻ­ā§€āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻœāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ āĻœāĻžāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¯ā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ§āĻ¨ā§€ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ “The Way of the World”-āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŽāĻŋāĻƒ āĻĢā§‡āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻĢā§‡āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ–ā§āĻŦ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ†āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšā§€ āĻ¨āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦā§ˆāĻ§ āĻĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻļāĻĢā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸ āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ“ āĻĻāĻ–āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ āĻŽāĻŋāĻƒ āĻĢā§‡āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻĢā§‡āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻĢā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Witty and humorous dialogues

The most remarkable feature of comedy of manners is the witty and humorous dialogues. “The Way of the World” contains this feature in a unique manner. The playwright has portrayed the characters of Petulant, Witwoud and Wilfull only to maintain this trend.  A magnificent display of witty dialogue between Mrs. Fainall and Mirabell is here:

Mrs. Fainall: While I only hated my husband, I could bear to see him, but since I have despised him, he is too offensive.

Mirabell: O, you should hate with prudence.

āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĒ

āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ˛ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯ āĻš’āĻ˛ āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĒāĨ¤ “The Way of the World” āĻ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ• āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻœāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡āĻŸā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸ, āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻŸāĻ‰āĻ‰āĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻ˛āĻĢā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻĢā§‡āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§€āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŽāĻœāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ¨ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡:

Conclusion: To sum up, it is transparent that “The Way of the World” presents a vast vista of the contemporary society. It satirizes the follies of the people of upper-class society. The subject matter of play is domestic that is in vogue for such plays. So, Congreve has perfectly proved his capability as a writer of comedy of manners.

  •  Comment on Umbriel’s journey to the Cave of Spleen.

Introduction: In the poem “The Rape of the Lock”, Umbriel’s journey to the “Cave of Spleen” is allegorical to focus on the mental state of Belinda and rebuke society. After the sylphs fail to protect the beautiful lock of her hair, Belinda falls under the influence of Umbriel who is a spirit of the earth. Proper speculation of Umbriel’s journey helps to understand the purposes of the poem.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: “The Rape of the Lock” āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ‰āĻŽā§āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° “Cave of Spleen” āĻāĻ° āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ• āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ° āĻĻā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒāĻ• āĻĻā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĢāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ‰āĻŽā§āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒā§ƒāĻĨāĻŋāĻŦā§€āĻ° āĻ†āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ‰āĻŽā§āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ¯āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻĨ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Purpose of the journey

Umbriel’s journey to the Cave of Spleen happens in the Canto Four of the poem. It is the surface meaning that Umbriel descends to the Cave of Spleen to intensify Belinda’s despair at the loss of her hair. But allegorically this visit traces the full concept of the vague lifestyle of human society from contemporary and universal perspectives.

āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§āĻ¯

āĻ‰āĻŽā§āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ˜ā§āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻŦā§€āĻ° āĻ—ā§āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‹āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻ ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻšā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ¤āĻžāĻļāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻŽā§āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ—ā§āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻ‡ āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¨ āĻĻā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‹āĻŖ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻžāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ†āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Imagery of depression

The cave is situated at the center of the earth. The air is cheerless. It is a shadowy cave since the day light does not enter this place. The only wind that always blows there is the east wind which causes fits of melancholy. The place is full of vapors which assume various forms. The interior of the cave is full of many funny and strange shapes. There is a woman in the cave who thinks of herself as a teapot, holding one arm, turning the other. Another woman of the cave imagines herself as a pipkin and walks like the tripod. Such narration of the cave is the reflective concept of the interior of depression of human beings. Under the influence of powerful fancy, human beings imagine themselves to be pregnant but literally they are all depressed.

āĻšāĻ¤āĻžāĻļāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°

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Parallelism between Belinda and Spleen

Umbriel finds ill nature queen named Spleen who is lying on her bed. she keeps sighing all the time because of her low spirit. She is attended by her two companions –pain and headache. Spleen has two hand maidens who are Ill-nature and Affectation. Ill-nature is an old maid and wrinkled in form.

“There Affectation with sickly Mien

Shows in her Cheek the Roses of Eighteen,”

The other hand maiden, Affectation is sickly in appearance. She pretends to be young by painting her cheeks as that of a girl of eighteen. This is allegorically vain life cycle of Belinda which is full of hypocrisy and devoid of religious morality like the handmaids.

āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ˛ā§€āĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž

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“There Affectation with sickly Mien

Shows in her Cheek the Roses of Eighteen,”

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Levity of women

Umbriel approaches the goddess of Spleen and appeals to her to fill Belinda with disdain and morose. At his request, the goddess gives him a bag full of sighs, sobs, screams, outbursts of anger, loud quarrels. The goddess also gives him a bottle filled with fainting fears, soft sorrows, melting griefs and flowing tears. Umbriel returns with the bag and bottle and finds Belinda lying depressed in the arms of her friend Thalestris. He pours out the contents of the bag over the heads of the two ladies. After this, Belinda begins to burn with flames of human fury and Thalestris too becomes fiercely angry and begins to add fuel to the fury of Belinda’s wrath. Thalstris then goes to Sir Plume to ask him to demand the lock back from the Baron. But the Baron bluntly refuses to return it and celebrates his victory. Umbriel then pours down the contents of the bottle on Belinda’s head and she begins to sigh, sheds tears in sorrow and curses herself why she has visited Hampton Court. Therefore, Pope means to say that the mentality of women is very trifling.

āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¨āĻž

āĻ†āĻŽā§āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻŦā§€āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻŸā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ“ āĻŽā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ­āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŦā§‡āĻĻāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻŦā§€ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜āĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸, āĻļā§‹āĻ•, āĻšāĻŋā§ŽāĻ•āĻžāĻ°, āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ā§‡āĻ° āĻœā§‹āĻ°ā§‡, āĻœā§‹āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻ˛āĻšā§‡āĻ° āĻā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ— āĻĻā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻĻā§‡āĻŦā§€ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻ›āĻž āĻ­āĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¨āĻ°āĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻƒāĻ–, āĻ—āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻĻā§āĻƒāĻ– āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ­āĻ°āĻž āĻŦā§‹āĻ¤āĻ˛āĻ“ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ— āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§‹āĻ¤āĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§ āĻĨā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻšāĻ¤āĻžāĻļ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ—ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻžāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻĸā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻœā§āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĨā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ āĻ†āĻ°ā§‹ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻĨā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ˛ā§āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ˛āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻœāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻœāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ†āĻŽā§āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦā§‹āĻ¤āĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĸā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜āĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻĻā§āĻƒāĻ–ā§‡ āĻ…āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻšā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŸāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻļāĻžāĻĒ āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻĒā§‹āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻš’āĻ˛ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻ¤āĻž āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĨ¤

Conclusion: To sum up, the visit to the cave of Spleen is introduced for the sake of mock-heroic epic effect. It gives an opportunity to the poet to satirize the evil nature and the affectations of ladies and gentlemen of his society. In this case, Pope is like Homer and Virgil.

  • Consider Absalom and Achitophel as a satire.

Or, Give an estimate of Dryden as a satirist in the context of Absalom and Achitophel.

Introduction: Satire is a form of literature the proclaimed purpose of which is the reform of human weaknesses or vices through evoking laughter or disgust. To put it differently, satire is different from scolding and sheer abuse though it is prompted by indignation. Absalom and Achitophel is a satirical poem of John Dryden (1631-1700) in which Dryden satirizes the political situation of England.

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ˜ā§‹āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ‰āĻĻā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§āĻ¯ āĻš’āĻ˛ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻŦā§‡āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻļāĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ—ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡, āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻĒāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ°ā§‹āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛āĻŽ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‹āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ āĻœāĻ¨ āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž (1631-1700) āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§ˆāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

Nature and Origin of satire:

In England and Europe, satire flourished in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Dryden, Pope, and Swift are the satirist of England; Boileau, Moliere, and Voltaire in France; Richter and Heine in Germany and Cervantes in Spain. Each of these satirists has one thing in common that they each hated hypocrisy.

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¸:

āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ°ā§‹āĻĒā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ°ā§‹ āĻ“ āĻ†āĻ āĻžāĻ°ā§‹ āĻļāĻ¤āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻĢā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨, āĻĒā§‹āĻĒ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻ‡āĻĢāĻŸ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ•āĻ°āĻŋ; āĻĢā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ“, āĻŽā§‹āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ­ā§‹āĻ˛ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ°; āĻœāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° Richter āĻ“ Heine āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­ā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒāĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­āĻŖā§āĻĄāĻžāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ˜ā§ƒāĻŖāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤āĨ¤

Satire on English People:

In the poem “Absalom and Achitophel”, Dryden shows the whimsical and fickle-minded English people who always complained about their king because they were not satisfied with the king.  After the death of Oliver Cromwell, they made his foolish son Richard the Lord Protector but soon they were dissatisfied with him and dethroned him. They called Charles who was living in exile and made him the king of England. But soon they were motivated to build the Republic destroyed Monarchy. Thus, Dryden satirizes the English people.

āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°āĻžāĻœā§€ āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ:

“āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛āĻŽ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‹āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛â€ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ‡āĻĄāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ“ āĻšāĻžā§āĻšāĻ˛ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœā§€ āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĻāĻž āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦā§‹āĻ•āĻž āĻ›ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ˛āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻŸā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻļā§€āĻ˜ā§āĻ°āĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻšāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻžāĻšā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨

Satire on politic:

In Absalom and Achitophel Dryden satirizes the politicians of England. Achitophel is the first and striking delineation in the poem. Here the method is not humor and gentle irony, but lofty denunciation. The Earl of Shaftesbury was a dangerous rebel and as such deserved serious treatment. Achitophel is thus Shaftesbury, the particular individual, as well as Achitophel, the type of all unscrupulous and scheming politicians.

āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ:

āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛āĻŽ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‹āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāĻĻāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‹āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ āĻš’āĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŖā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ°āĻ¸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§ƒāĻĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ‰āĻāĻšā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻžāĨ¤ The Earl of Shaftesbury āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻœā§āĻœāĻ¨āĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻšā§€ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻŽ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¸āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻĒā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‹āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ Shaftesbury, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‹āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛, āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻ…āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§ā§ āĻ“ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāĻĻāĨ¤

Satire on Parliament:

Dryden also satirizes Parliament. Exclusion Bill recommended the exclusion of James II from the line of succession and wanted the Duke of Monmouth as the successor to King Charles. The king opposed the bill and dissolved Parliament. He was then requested to call Parliament to approve of the choice of Parliament for the nomination of the next king. He compares it to the deceit practice of Biblical Jacob who sought the blessing of his father, Isaac, by pretending to be his brother Esau. Outwardly, they pretended to be pious and prayer for the safety of the king but inwardly, they tried to take away his royal power from him.

āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ:

āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻā§‡āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻœā§‡āĻŽāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻ¸ā§‚āĻ°āĻŋāĻ° āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻĻā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ‚ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻ¸ā§‚āĻ°āĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ‰āĻ• āĻ…āĻĢ āĻŽāĻ¨āĻŽā§‹āĻĨāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§‹āĻ§āĻŋāĻ¤āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻ āĻ­ā§‡āĻ™ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻšā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ°ā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‡āĻŦā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻœā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŦ āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻžāĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ• āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻļā§€āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ‡āĻ¸ā§Œ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻ‡āĻ¸āĻšāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻļā§€āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻšā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĻļāĻžāĻšāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻ°ā§€āĻŖāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ› āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻļāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡āĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤

Satire on Epic Scale:

One of the important aspects of Absalom and Achitophel as a satire is its epic aspect. It has the qualities of a heroic poem concerned with the career of a king and the fate of his kingdom. Dryden elevates the poem to the level of epic poetry, “Where the plot, the characters, the wit, the passions, the description are all exalted above the level of common converse as high as the imagination of a poet can carry them with proportion to verisimilitude.” In the poem Dryden expresses Achitophel stands for Satan, Absalom may be compared to Adam, and his seduction by Achitophel may be compared to the fall of Adam. Thus, the satire gains a dignified quality.

āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ•:

āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛āĻŽ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‹āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ• āĻĻāĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§‡āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻœā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§€āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ—ā§āĻŖ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨, “āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŸ, āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°, āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ, āĻ†āĻŦā§‡āĻ—, āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻĨā§‹āĻĒāĻ•āĻĨāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ā§€āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ° āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻŦāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ ” āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‹āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ āĻļāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ†āĻŦāĻļāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĻāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‹āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ­āĻ¨āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĻāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ¤āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚, āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ—ā§āĻŖ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Conclusion: In termination, we can say that Dryden is the best paradigm as a satirist because he satirizes the contemporary society, politics, politicians, parliament and English people in his poem Absalom and Achitophel. So, it is transparent that Dryden is satirist and his poem Absalom and Achitophel is satire.

  •  ”She Stoops to Conquer” as a comedy of intrigues.

Introduction: ”She Stoops to Conquer” (1771) is a famous comedy by Oliver Goldsmith (1728 – 1774). Another name of the comedy of intrigue is the comedy of situation. This is a fantastic comedy of intrigues. After scanning the play, we get sundry features of comedy of intrigues which are discussed below:

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž:  ”She Stoops to Conquer” (1771) āĻ…āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ° āĻ—ā§‹āĻ˛ā§āĻĄāĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻĨā§‡āĻ° (1728 – 1774) āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĨ¤āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻ‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ—ā§āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻ†āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ…āĻĢ āĻ‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ—ā§āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¨ā§€āĻšā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡:

The definition of comedy of intrigue

The comedy of intrigue is a type of comedy in which wicked characters, complicated conspiracy, satirical situations, farcical humour, dual identity of character and dramatic irony are discussed properly.

Intrigue āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž

Intrigue āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻāĻ• āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°, āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°, āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ¸āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ°āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻ¤āĻž, āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¯āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻĨāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

Wicked characters

Wicked characters are the fundamental feature of a comedy of intrigue. It is normally understood that wicked characters will make farcical situations. In the play, we get sundry wicked characters. Without the hero of the play, Charles Marlow almost all the characters are wicked. The best example of a wicked character is Tony Lumpkin.

āĻĻā§āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ

āĻĻā§āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽā§ŒāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ• āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ¸āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¤ā§ˆāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ• āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛āĻ¸ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ‡ āĻĻā§āĻˇā§āĻŸāĨ¤ āĻĻā§āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤

Complicated conspiracy

Complicated conspiracy is also a feature of a comedy of intrigue. The plots will be developed with creating complicated conspiracy by its characters. In the play, we get a lot of conspiracies against each other. As for example: Tony plots against his own mother more than one time. Mrs. Hardcastle and Mr. Hardcastle plot against Tony. They do not inform his legal age for money from Tony’s real father, Lumpkin.

āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°

āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ“ Intrigue āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻāĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻœāĻŸāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ¤ā§ˆāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŸāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ: āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§‡ āĻšāĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻŋāĻƒ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§‡ āĻšāĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻ˛āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ› āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ¨ā§€ āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻŦāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤

Satirical situations

The writer of the play satires upper-class people in the sense of advancement. As for example, we get the description of a satirical point in the character of Mrs. Hardcastle. When Marlow comes to Hardcastle’s house from London, she wants to know about London fashions. She is always up to date for the latest fashion of dresses and haircuts. He reads a magazine named Scandalous Magazines for updates. Besides, Marlow is ridiculed mildly in the time of Kate Hardcastle’s disguise. Because he cannot identify Kate and he tries to kiss her. Even though he cannot talk with ladies normally. Kate mocks Marlow in the following manner:

“She that you addressed as the mild, modest, sentimental man of gravity, and the bold, forward, agreeable Rattle of the ladies’ club.”

āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ

āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ• āĻ…āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ—āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨā§‡ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇāĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻļāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒā§‹āĻļāĻžāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻžāĻŸāĻž āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻļā§‡āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŽ āĻĢā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻļāĻ¨ āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĻāĻž āĻ†āĻĒ āĻŸā§ āĻĄā§‡āĻŸāĨ¤ āĻ†āĻĒāĻĄā§‡āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ āĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻœāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ›āĻĻā§āĻŽāĻŦā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡  āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻ•āĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻšā§āĻŽā§ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽā§āĻ¨āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨:

āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§ƒāĻĻā§, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧā§€, āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻŦā§‡āĻĻāĻ¨āĻļā§€āĻ˛ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻ¸ā§€, āĻāĻ—āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡, āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ°āĻžāĻŸāĻ˛ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŦā§‹āĻ§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

Farcical humour

Farcical humour is one of the major features of a comedy of intrigue. Without farcical humour a comedy of intrigue is impossible. In the play, we get sundry farcical humours. As for example: Tony’s misdirection of Marlow and his friend Hastings for the house Mr. Hardcastle. Tony steals jewels of Neville from his mother’s almirah to help eloping them, Neville and Hastings. After stealing, Tony gives the jewel to Hastings then Hastings keeps the jewel to Marlow for safety then Marlow keeps the jewel to Mrs. Hardcastle for safety. This type of situations makes the audience laughing a lot.

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ¸āĻ¨ āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ• āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ°āĻšāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ•āĻĨāĻž

āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻšāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻĢā§‹āĻ°āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ āĻšāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻˇāĻĄāĻŧāĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ• āĻ…āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ•āĻ° āĻĻā§‚āĻ°āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ, āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§ āĻšā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻ˜āĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻŋāĻƒ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻāĻ° āĻ­ā§āĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ‚āĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻĻā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ˛āĻŽāĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻš āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻšā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻšā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻšā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ‚āĻ¸āĻ•ā§‡āĻ—āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ‚āĻ¸ āĻ—āĻšāĻ¨āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ—āĻšāĻ¨āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹  āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ•āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤ā§‹āĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤

Dramatic ironies

Dramatic irony is also a feature of a comedy of intrigue. In the play, we get the feature in different times. Kate Hardcastle’s acting with Marlow is a type of dramatic irony. Because the audience know what is happening with Marlow but he cannot understand the acting. Besides, Tony and Neville’s acting as lovers in front Mrs. Hardcastle is also a dramatic irony. Because they do not love each other.

āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻž

āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻ“ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§‚āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¸āĻš āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻ• āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ• āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•ā§€ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻž āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“, āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛āĻ“ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤

Dual identities

Dual identity is also a feature of a comedy of intrigue. In the play, we get sundry characters of dual identities. Marlow has dual identity as strange type of man with upper class women and shy with common women. Kate Hardcastle has dual identity as barmaid and real juicy lady. Kate Hardcastle expresses that:

“But I vow I’m disposing of the husband before I have secured the lover!”

Tony and Neville have also dual identity. Firstly, they are real of their nature and secondly, they are pretence as they do not know anything about Neville’s jewel after stealing jewel from the almirah in front of Mrs. Hardcastle.

āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ

āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ“ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§‚āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ¤āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻš āĻļā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŖā§€āĻ° āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ…āĻĻā§āĻ­ā§āĻ¤ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ˛āĻžāĻœā§āĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻŽā§‡āĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ¸ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĄāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨:

āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€āĻ° āĻ…āĻĒāĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ”

āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ“ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽāĻ¤, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ—āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻšā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ—āĻšāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻ‡ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Conclusion: From the light of the above discussion, we may assert that ”She Stoops to Conquer” is fantastic comedy of intrigue. All the features of comedy of intrigues are discussed purely by the writer in the play.

  •  Comment on the theme of dual identities in “She Stoops to Conquer”.

Introduction: ”She Stoops to Conquer” (1771) is a famous comedy by Oliver Goldsmith (1728 – 1774). By the theme of dual identities two pairs of lovers can marry successfully. In the play, we get dual identities in the characters of Marlow, Kate Hardcastle, Tony Lumpkin, Constance Neville. After scanning the play, we get sundry reasons for dual identities of the characters in the play which are given below:

āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž: ”She Stoops to Conquer” (1771) āĻ…āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ° āĻ—ā§‹āĻ˛ā§āĻĄāĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻĨā§‡āĻ° (1728 – 1774) āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻĄāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĨāĻŋāĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž, āĻĻā§āĻ‡ āĻœā§‹āĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻĢāĻ˛āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹, āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛, āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ˛āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨, āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨ā§€āĻšā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĒā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ:

Focusing on universal human traits

Oliver Goldsmith wants to show that man has the power of getting different traits in different situation. In the play, we get the description of dual identities of the characters. They change their behaviour in front of the situation.

Marlow has been presented with bashful for upper class women and bold for common women. Kate Hardcastle has been presented with real and as a barmaid.

Tony and Neville have been presented with real and as an actor and actress in front of Mrs. Hardcastle. Thus, he is able to show universal human traits.

āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§‹āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž

āĻ…āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ° āĻ—ā§‹āĻ˛ā§āĻĄāĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻĨ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻž āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡, āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ§ā§ˆāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻļā§€āĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻ¸ā§€ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŦ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻž āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§€ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŽ āĻšāĻ¨āĨ¤

Effect of love

The writer wants to show the effect of love in the play. It has been historically tested that when a lover falls in love, his behaviour automatically changes. This true thing is shown here by the characters of two pairs of lovers.

In first meeting of Kate with Marlow, she falls in love and wants him as a husband. After knowing his bashful for upper class women, she decides to be barmaid in front of him due to he feels easy to the common women.

Besides, Tony and Neville show their dual identities in front of Mrs. Hardcastle. They pretend to love each other. because she wants her son, Tony to marry Neville. But Tony has a lover named Bet Bouncer and Neville has a sweetheart, Hastings. For this reason, they need to pretend as lovers in front of Mrs. Hardcastle.

āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ

āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ•āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°ā§€āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡āĻ° āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§‡ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ‰āĻšā§āĻšāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ§āĻŽāĻ•āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŸāĻŋ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœ āĻŦā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ°āĻ‡āĻŽā§‡āĻĄ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤

āĻāĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“, āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ˆāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻŦā§‡āĻŸ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‰āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤āĻŽ, āĻšā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻ‚āĻ¸āĨ¤ āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĨ¤

Being flexible for gaining target

The writer wants to show the way of gaining target. He can be called him as an instructor of gaining target. In the play, Kate takes disguise of a barmaid. Because she wants to win the heart of Marlow. As he feels easy in front of common women, Kate takes the disguise of barmaid and finally wins the heart of Marlow. Kate Hardcastle expresses that:

“But I vow I’m disposing of the husband before I have secured the lover!”

Besides, Tony and Neville pretend of lovers in front of Mrs. Hardcastle. They do not want to marry each other. They pretend to achieve for their main goal.

āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻŽāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž

āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ–āĻ• āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ• āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŸāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ›āĻĻā§āĻŽāĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻšā§ƒāĻĻāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻœāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻšā§‡āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœ āĻŦā§‹āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻŽā§‡āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ›āĻĻā§āĻŽāĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻšā§ƒāĻĻāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻœāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨:

āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€āĻ° āĻ…āĻĒāĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›āĻŋ”

āĻ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻŸāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ­āĻŋāĻ˛ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¸ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŽā§€āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ˛āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ­āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Humor and satire

Another reason of dual identities of the characters is to present humour and mild satire. By the dual identities of Kate, the writer mildly satirizes Marlow. Because he could not recognize Kate in disguise of barmaid. Kate mocks Marlow in the following manner:

“She that you addressed as the mild, modest, sentimental man of gravity, and the bold, forward, agreeable Rattle of the ladies’ club.”

The important thing is that the audience knows the true face of the barmaid but the hero is unable to recognize that creates humour. The dual identities of Tony and Neville also create humour.

āĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻ°āĻ¸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻ¤ā§āĻ•

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Creating sensation and twist

Dual identities of two pairs of lovers create sensation and twist to the audience. In second identities of Kate and Marlow, Marlow wants to kiss her and she enjoys the time. Besides, he proposes his love to Kate that makes sensation in the mind of the audience.

Pretending of Tony and Neville in front of Mrs. Hardcastle makes twist in the mind of the audience. Because they do not know what will be happening of Hastings. Finally, the audience come to know the trick.

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Conclusion: From the light of the above discussion, we can assert that dual identities of the characters make the audience happy. Because two pairs of lovers can be united.

  • What picture of the contemporary England do you find in the poem “The Rape of the Lock”?

Or, Consider Rape of the Lock as a Social satire.

Introduction: Alexander Pope (1688-1744), his famous mock-heroic poem, depicts the contemporary situation in of 16th century England. He has shown in the poem that the people of English used to high luxury life. He has done the criticises of the women at that time of century. We will discuss about the contemporary of England.

Frivolous Ladies: Belinda is the heroine in the poem. She is a complex character. Undoubtedly, she is a representative of the upper-class woman of the eighteen centuries. There is not the slightest of seriousness, goddesses or grandeur of human life any of her words and actions. Actually, Belinda is beautiful lady; she has a host of admirers; she is flirt and a coquette.

“Favours to none, to all she Smiles extends. Oft she rejects, but never has she offended.”

Behavior and Activity: Dreaming of their rich prospect, Women like Belinda sleep late and are used to Rising late from their beds, and pope discusses it beautifully equating the beast with the beauty.

“Now Lap dogs give themselves the rowzing shake”

And also, Belinda goes to sleep again and when she finally does awake, she is engaged immediately with her toilette takes up a large part of her time.

The toilette, in fact, is the great business of her life, and the right adjustment of her hair, the decoration of her face, the chief employment of her time.

Places and Names of the Day: In canto iii of The Rape of the Lock, pope gives a detailed description of the scene where Belinda’s beautiful lock of hair to be raped.  There is Hampton Court, the palace of the English Queen beautiful situated on the banks of the river Thames, where

“Here Britain’s Statesman oft, the fall foredoom or Foreign Tyrants and, of Nymphs at home,”

Irrelevant story:

The poet in very subtle manner satirizes the activities of the palace. The Queen’s consultations with her ministers and her taking tea with the luminaries of her regime are equated. The serious and the frivolous have been mentioned in one breath, as if taking counsel is as routine and frivolous matter as taking tea. The intrigues of the court are also laid bare.  The Queen’s palace, Hampton Court, which is beautifully laid out with “long canals” and “Woods” turns out to be a mere place for gossip and intrigue where the nobles and ladies

“In various Talk Th’ instructive hours they Pass, who gave the Ball, or paid the visit last”.

Hollowness of the Gentleman of the Day

The gentleman of the smart set is as frivolous as the ladies. Lord Petre and his fellowers are the representatives of the fashionable society time.  They are all idle, empty- minded folk and seem to have nothing else to do but making love or flirting with ladies.

 Pope’s criticism and moral tone: The Rape of the lock bears fully the witticism of its age. In his conception of the theme and selection of title, pope display his unsurpassable wit. The theme of the poem is rape of the lock of a fashionable belle by one of her haughty admirers. He has shown that the Belinda. She wakes up when Belinda’s dog licks her cheek.  She gets dressed and goes to the club to play cards.

“So much so that Shock, her lap-dog, Leapt and, and wak’d his mistress with his Tongue.

Conclusion: From all above discussion we can say that Alexander Pope has highlighted contemporary society in his poem. Although, he has done to criticizes bout behavior of man of England and daily routine in the poem.

  1.  Discuss “The Rape of the Lock” as mock-heroic poem.

Introduction: A mock heroic epic is a long, hero comical poem that merely imitates features of the classical epic. The poet often accepts an elevated style of language, but incongruously applies that language to mundane or ridiculous objects and situation. “The Rape of the lock” (1714) is a mock-heroic poem.  It is written by Alexander Pope (1688- 1744). We can discuss that “A Rape of the Lock” is mock heroic poem.

There are many features in mock heroic poems that are highlighted here:

The Action of the theme:

The action of “The Rape of the lock” turns on a trivial incident – the cutting of a lock of hair from a lady’s head. Such a thing had taken place. One Lord Petre cut off hair from the head of Lady Arabella Fermor. There was a quarrel between two families, Pope was requested to make a jest of the incident, and ‘laugh them together’. This occasion of the composition of the poem. It is action of poem.

The theme of the poem is suggested in the invocation, as in an epic poem, but the theme is ridiculously trivial, in comparison with the great theme of an epic. The action opens in a mock-heroic manner with the awakening of Belinda, the heroine of the poem. Belinda is the very goddess of beauty, and the lustre of her eyes surpasses that of the sun, who peeped timorously through the white curtains in Belinda’s room.

“Sol through white Curtains shot a tim’rous Ray”

The structure of the poem:

All above the structure of the poem is cast in the epic mould, but it could not be a serious epic, because the incident is trivial – so we have the mock- heroic or heroic – comical poem. The poem divided into Cantos like an epic, and there are ironical parallels to the main incidents of the epic.  The poem beings with an invocation in epic traditional.

“Say what strange motive, Goddess! Cou’d compel, A well berd Lord t’ assault a gentle Belle.”

As in epics, in “The rape of the Lock” too, divine Beings are portrayed. Belinda is in divine care of the sylphs.

Function of the Machinery:

The epic always uses the supernatural element.  In the Iliad there are gods and goddess; in the Rape of the of Lock, there are the sylphs and gnomes. These aerial spirits are small and insignificant things, and are therefore, exactly in keeping with the triviality of the theme. They guard the personality of the heroine and when there is a fight between the followers of Belinda and those of the Baron; they take part in the fight, like the gods and goddesses in the Trojan War.

Episode in the mock epic:

An epic poem must contain some episode also. In keeping with this practice pope has introduced the episode of the game of Ombre which is described in great detail. There is also the hazardous journey of Umbriel to the Cave of Spleen. Then there is the battle between the lords and ladies just like the battles in epic poetry. But in the true mock-heroic style this battle is fought with fans and snuff instead of with sword and Spears. There are single combats also between Belinda and the Baron and Between Clarissa and Sir Plume.

Style of mock-heroic poem:

The Rape of the Lock is a mock-heroic poem- that is to say a poem in which trivial things are mockingly treated in a heroic manner. A heroic or epi style is imitated. But mock-heroic poem is not merely parody of the epic, in mock heroic poem trivial things and incident.

Other features:

The other features of mock-heroic poem are that the title itself indicates mock-heroic effect and little is made great and the great little. These features are also matched with the poem “The Rape of the Lock”.

Conclusion:  From all above discussion, we can say that The Rape of the Lock is a mock-heroic poem.  This poem has all the qualities of a mock-heroic poem. And he has ridiculed that social system through humours. It is one of main characteristics of mock-heroic poem that is why we can say that The Rape of the Lock is mock heroic poem.

Shihabur Rahaman
Shihabur Rahaman
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