Or, How far is Lady Macbeth responsible for the tragedy of Macbeth?
Lady Macbeth is a complex and intriguing character in William Shakespeare’s (1564-1616) play, “Macbeth”. Her role in the story is essential, as she serves as both a catalyst and accomplice (a person who helps to commit a crime) to Macbeth’s descent into darkness.
Ambition and Influence
Lady Macbeth is driven by ambition and desires power and greatness for herself and her husband. She persuades Macbeth to take action and seize the throne through her influential words and manipulation. She questions his masculinity and challenges his resolve, pushing him to commit regicide. She says,
“When you durst do it, then you were a man”
Masculinity and Femininity
Lady Macbeth challenges the traditional gender roles of her time. She wants to cast off her feminine qualities and be filled with “direst cruelty.” She wishes to be unsexed and devoid of compassion, believing it will make her stronger. Her ambition and determination contrast with Macbeth’s initial hesitations and doubts.
Psychological Deterioration
Lady Macbeth’s character undergoes a significant transformation throughout the play. Initially, she appears strong and determined, but her guilt and the weight of her actions take a toll on her mental state. Her eventual descent into madness reflects the consequences of her ruthless ambition.
Ambivalence
Lady Macbeth’s character evokes both admiration and sympathy. While her ambition and manipulation are morally questionable, her vulnerability and guilt humanize her. Her famous sleepwalking scene reveals her troubled conscience, highlighting her internal struggles.
Tragic Flaw
Lady Macbeth’s tragic flaw is her unbridled (uncontrolled) ambition. It drives her to extreme measures, leading to her downfall. Her relentless pursuit of power ultimately results in her own destruction, as she succumbs to guilt and madness. She experiences guilt and hallucinations, trying to wash away the imagined bloodstains on her hands. She cries,
“Out, damned spot! Out, I say!”
Influence on Macbeth
Lady Macbeth plays a pivotal role in Macbeth’s actions and decisions. Her influence over him is significant, as she pushes him to commit regicide and fuels his paranoia. She acts as his confidante and advisor, but their relationship becomes strained as guilt and suspicion consume them both.
Lady Macbeth is a compelling character whose ambition, manipulation, guilt, and eventual psychological deterioration drive the plot of Macbeth. She challenges gender roles and embodies the destructive consequences of unchecked ambition. Her character adds depth and complexity to the play. She left a lasting impression on readers and audiences.
Read Also: Discuss “Macbeth” as a tragedy of ambition
